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lecture 2
ortho foundations exam 1 material
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| unpleasant emotional experience, triggers to avoid further injury | pain |
| pain can negatively affect health related QOL, therefore | decreasing / managing pain is often one of the main goals of treatment |
| PTs don't treat diagnoses, they treat | impairment DUE to diagnosis |
| ways to measure pain | visual analog scale, numeric scale 0-10, body diagram |
| types of pain | acute, chronic, referred, radiating pain |
| characteristics of pain | burning, dull/aching, sharp, localized, diffuse |
| sharp and well localized pain | acute |
| dull / aching and diffuse pain | chronic or referred |
| burning and diffuse pain | radiating |
| a delta fibers are | large, myelinated, and fast. 20% of fibers |
| C fibers are | small, unmyelinated, and slow (80%) of fibers |
| a delta fibers carry info about | sharp, well localized pain (carry sensory input, touch and pressure) |
| C fibers carry info about | diffuse, aching pain |
| ascending pain control | a beta fibers presynaptically inhibit transmission of pain from C fibers in spinal column |
| look at drawing in lecture 2 pptx | no seriously look at it , gonna be on the exam |
| presynaptic inhibition example | rubbing elbow to get rid of pain when you bump it, helps distract/ get rid of pain |
| first order neurons terminate in | gray matter of spinal cord |
| second order neurons terminate in | thalamus |
| third order neurons terminate in | cortex |
| descending pain control activates ___ order neurons | 2nd order |
| in descending pain control, sensory input from periphery stimulate | periaqueductal grey and raphe nucleus |
| in descending pain control, efferent fibers from higher centers excite interneurons in spinal cord --> inhibits____ | transmission of pain from the A delta and C-fibers |
| pain input from a delta and C fibers stimulate higher centers to release | beta endorphins |
| beta endorphins help | inhibit the transmission of pain |
| ascending inhibition is aka | sensory level / level 1 |
| descending inhibition is aka | level 2 |
| descending control through rules of beta-endorphins is aka | noxious level / level III |
| goals in managing pain | to control acute pain and protect patient from further injury while encouraging progressive exercise in a supervised environment |
Created by:
thomask9
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