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DEV PSYCH CHAP 3

PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT

QuestionAnswer
Period involves growth and development of these organ systems fetal period
Fetus is now viable – it has chance of surviving outside the womb, although under intensive care as it will need help breathing 6 months
Fatty tissues develop, functioning of organ systems steps up (heart and kidneys) Last two months
handle information processing at the cellular level in the brain Neurons
Neural tube formation of the nervous system
Neurogenesis generation of new neurons
Neural migration cells moving outward from their point of origin to their appropriate locations
Neural connectivity connections between neurons begins to occur (continues postnatally)
Teratology field of study that investigates the causes of birth defects
Teratogens agent that causes a birth defect
Dose, Genetic susceptibility, Time of exposure Teratogen Exposure
probability of structural defect is greatest when exposed to teratogens Embryonic Period
problems in how organs functions and may result in stunted growth rather than structural damage when infant is exposed to teratogens in this prenatal stage Fetal Period
In prohibited list of teratogens that should never be taken during first trimester Accutane
exposure of mothers to this results in lower birth weight and babies being born small for gestational age Caffeine
cluster of abnormalities and problems that appear in the offspring of mothers who drink alcohol heavily during pregnancy Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder
Preterm births and low birth weights, fetal and neonatal deaths, respiratory problems (asthma), sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS or crib death) + Risk factor for ADHD Nicotine
is linked to impaired connectivity of thalamus and prefrontal cortex in newborns. exposure to this leads to an increased risk of baby being born stillborn Environmental tobacco smoke
Reduced birth weight, length, and head circumference; Impaired motor development at 2 years of age and slower rate of growth through 10 years of age, and executive functions deficits Cocaine
- Lower intelligence in children - Alters brain functioning in the fetus - Low birth weight and greater likelihood of being placed in a neonatal intensive care unit - Stillbirth Marijuana
Withdrawal symptoms – tremors, irritability, abnormal crying, disturbed sleep, impaired motor control Heroin
-> increased risk of preterm birth, increased stillbirth and increased likelihood of newborn needing to be in ICU Maternal obesity
70% lower risk of delivering between 20-28 weeks and 50% lower risk of delivering between 28-32 weeks; leads to neural tube defects Folic Acid
sensitive to developing brain and nervous system; reduced placental and fetal growth, miscarriage, preterm birth, lower intelligence Mercury in fish
Longest of the three stages Uterine contractions are 15-20 minutes apart and last up to 1 minute First Stage
When baby’s head starts to move through the cervix and the birth canal Ends when baby completely emerges from the mother’s body Second Stage
Afterbirth Placenta, umbilical cord, and other membranes are detached and expelled Third Stage
Used to assess health of newborns at 1 to 5 minutes after birth Apgar Scale
Performed within 24-36 hours after birth Assesses neurological development, reflexes, and reactions to people and objects Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale
"offspring" of the NBAS Another assessment of newborn’s behavior, neurological and stress responses, and regulatory capacities Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Network Neurobehavioral Scale
Created by: patpat1116
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