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Psych Ch.2 Vocab
Brain Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Neuroplasticity | Brain's ability to change during childhood by reorganizing after trauma |
| Neuron | -Nerve cell, basic building block of nerve system -Consists of cell body, branching fibers |
| Dendrite (listen) | Branch extension that receives/integrates messages conducting impulses |
| Axon (speak) | Neuron extension that passes messages through branches to other neurons/glands |
| Myelin Sheath | -Fatty tissue layer encasing axons -Enables speed impultions |
| Glial Cells (workers) | Cells in nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons |
| How do neurons send messages? | Fire impulses |
| Action potential | Neural impulse, brief electral charge that travels down axon |
| How are ions exchanged? | Chemistry-electrical process |
| Resting potential | Positive outside/negative inside state |
| What is the loss of depolarization? | Depolarization |
| Synapse | Area between axon tip and dendrite |
| Acetylcholine | Learning/memory, enables muscle action |
| Peripheral Nervous System | Somatic, enables voluntary control // automatic, controls glands/organs |
| Sympathetic Nervous System | Arouses/expands energy |
| Parasympathetic Nervous System | Conserves energy to calm |
| Central Nervous System | Enables humanity, thinking, feeling, acting |
| Endocrine System | Body's slow chemical communication system that puts hormones in bloodstream |
| Reticular formation | Travels through brainstem into thalamus, controls arousal |
| Action potential, resting potential, synapse are involved in? | Neuron transport |
| What systems work for homeostasis? | Sympathetic, parasympathetic |
| What are the divisions of the brain? | Hindbrain, midbrain, forebrain, brainstem, thalamus, reticular formation |
| Limbic system | Forebrain -contains amygdala, hypothalamus, hippocampus -Associate with emotions/desire |
| Association Areas | -Not involved in motor/sensory functions -Involved in learning, thinking, speaking, memory |
| Corpus Callosum | Neural fibers connecting from brain hemispheres, carries messages |
| What is included in the limbic system? | Amygdala, hypothalamus, hippocampus |
| What is included in cerebral? | Cerebral cortex, frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, temporal lobe, motor cortex, somatosensory cortex, association areas |
| Position Emission Therapy (PET) | Detects brain activity that shows radioactive form of glucose |
| Electroencephalogram (EEG) | Electrical activity across brain |
| Magnetoencephalography (MEG) | Measures magnetic fields from brains natural electrical activity |
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) | Uses magnetic fields and radio waves to get soft tissue images |
| Functional MRI (fMRI) | Reveals blood flow, shows brain function and structure |
| Twin Studies | Aim to reveal importance of environmental and genetic influence for traits, phenotypes, and disorders |
| Chromosomes are made of? |
Created by:
MikalahQuillen
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