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Unit One Psych
Important People and Ideas
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| John Locke (1632-1704) and Thomas Reid (1710-1796 | They believed that knowledge comes from experiences. |
| Hermann Von Helmholtz | Speed of neural impulse / studied hearing and vision / senses are fallible but still can be studied / physiology. |
| Gustav and Fechner | Created methods for measuring physical stimuli and human perception (psychophysics) |
| Wilhelm and Wundt | Father of psychology / established and promoted the field of experimental psychology / created academia textbooks / worked in Introspection. |
| Margaret Floy Washburn | First woman in the US to earn his PH. D. in psychology |
| William James | Seminal Book called “Principles of Psychology” asserted consciousness should be studied as continuous whole rather than isolated elements. |
| Mary Whiton Calkins | First woman to serve as President of Phys in American / was a student of William James |
| G. Stanley Hall | Founded the first American journal psychology and the first lab in US / Focus on child development and education |
| Cecil Sumner | First African American to earn his PH.D. in psychology in the US / student to G. Stanley Hall |
| James McKeen Cattell | Looking at differences and the idea that intelligence was inherited and could be measure / Many of his ideas were aligned with eugenics movement (selective breeding) |
| B.F. Skinner and John Watson | Were behaviorist and expand this study |
| Alfred Binet | Developed intelligence tests that helped identify children in need of education support / Involved reasoning and problem-solving tasks |
| Hugo Munsterberg | Pioneer in Industrial and organizational psychology / employee selection / eyewitness testimony and psychotherapy |
| Lightner Witmer | Clinical Psych / Created first clinical psych journal and first clinic in US / Founder of clinical and school psych / treating children with learning + behavioral problems. |
| Leta S. Hollingworth | Proved women’s menstruation did not negatively impact women’s ability to do their jobs and their emotionality |
| Kenneth and Mamie Phipps Clark | Segregation negatively impacts the self-esteem of African American Children / Brown vs Board of Education 1954 |
| Evelyn Hooker | Challenged the stereotype that homosexual men were more stupid than straighter men. |
| Features of Good Scientific Theories | Accuracy / Consistency / Scope / Simplicity / Fruitfulness / Falsifiable (able to prove it to be incorrect) |
| Fact-Value Distinction | Proved and knowns vs faith and beliefs. |
| Levels of Analysis | Biological / Cognitive / Behavioral / Social + Cultural |
| What are the limitations to experimental research? | Ethics / Practical (Logical ) / Realistic |
| How do you study daily behaviors? | Time-lapse photography / observing personal and professional spaces / garage / looking at body language / online personal |
| What is "Smartphone" Psych. ? | Store vast amount of real world data / track physical + social context |
| Correlation is not causation- Truth or False? | Truth |
| What are some of the pros to Survey? | Cost effective / Easy to distribute / Popularity of response / Large amount of data |
| What is the Quasi- Experiment Design? | No random assignment , different independent variables (they are fixed) |
| What are some problems with the Quasi- Experiment Design? | Pre-determined groups / Could be confounding variable |
| What are some benefits with Longitudinal Studies? | Identifying risk factors for development of diseases / disorders |
| What are some challenges with Longitudinal studies? | Costly / Difficult to keep track of participants + researchers |
| What are the aspects of culture? | Versatile (location) / Shared / Cumulative (passing down recipes) / Patterns |
| What are some Individual countries? | USA / Canada |
| What are some Collectivism countries? | Japan / Taiwan |
| What are some parts of learned culture? | Identity / Emotions / Etiquette / Values + morals |
Created by:
PlantKid80
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