Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
psy 311: exam 1
physiological psychology chapters 1-5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| T/F: the bigger the brain, the smarter the organism | false |
| the more _______ in the brain, the more intelligent the organism is | neurons |
| what is the localization of brain function? | different regions in the brain are responsible for different and specific functions |
| _______ integrate and pass information | neurons |
| which type of cell primarily supports neural function? | glial cells |
| what are the branches at the end of an axon that contain neurotransmitter's | terminals |
| what are the three types of neurons? | sensory, motor, and interneurons |
| _____ neurons are responsible for communicating with the muscles and organs | motor |
| sensory neurons carry information from the body and from the outside world into which two areas? | brain and spinal cord |
| ____________ connect one neuron to another | interneuron |
| what are the three stages of an action potential? | the resting potentials, graded potentials, and the action potential |
| what are the two time periods in an action potential? | absolute refractory potential and the relative refractory period |
| what is the most critical factor in the neuron’s ability to communicate? | neural membrane |
| a neuron at rest is __________ charged | negatively |
| during the resting potential, the inside of the cell is typically around ___ mV | -70 mV |
| T/F: sodium ions and potassium ions are positively charged | true |
| the sodium-potassium pump pumps _ Na+ out the cell and _ K+ into the cell | 3;2 |
| what is the main excitatory neurotransmitter? | glutamate |
| what is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter? | GABA |
| when the threshold of activation is reached, ______ rapidly enters the neuron | sodium |
| T/F: when a neuron fires an action potential, it is always at full strength | true |
| what neural structure allows the action potential to carry the signal faster and more efficiently? | myelin sheath |
| what part of the neuron relays the action potential? | axon |
| the ____ ________ sends neuron information, _________ receive information | axon terminal; dendrite |
| who was the author of "The Origin of the Species"? | Charles Darwin |
| what two regions of the brain are most critical for forming an addiction? | prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens |
| what occurs when an excitatory signal changes the polarity in a small area of the membrane toward zero? | partial depolarization |
| what are the two main ways an action potential differs from a local potential? | the action potential is ungraded and non-decremental |
| what is the all-or-nothing law? | the all or nothing law states that an action potential always occurs at full-strength |
| what process involves an enzyme that splits the molecule into its components? | enzymatic degradation |
| if there is an excess of transmitters in the cleft, the presynaptic neuron reduces its output. what process is responsible for sensing when there is too many transmitters? | autoreceptors |
| __________ ____________ __________ are excitatory and facilitate the occurrence of an action potential | excitatory postsynaptic potentials |
| __________ ____________ __________ are inhibitory and make an action potential less likely to occur, which is also known as hyperpolarization | inhibitory postsynaptic potentials |
| hyperpolarization is an example of __________ postsynaptic potentials | inhibitory |
| _______ summation combines potentials occurring simultaneously at different locations on the dendrites and cell body | spatial |
| ________ summation combines potentials arriving a short time apart | temporal |
| _____________ is a neurotransmitter found in both the CNS and the PNS | acetylcholine |
| what are the five types of neurotransmitter monoamines? | dopamine, serotonin, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and melatonin |
| __________ receptors open the channels directly to produce immediate reaction | ionotropic |
| ____________ receptors open channels indirectly and slowly to produce longer-lasting effects over large areas | metabotropic |
| T/F: a single neuron can release both excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters | true |
| drugs can stimulate synaptic communication are called | agonists |
| drugs that inhibit synaptic communication are called | antagonists |
| the incentive sensitization theory states that ______ leads to _______ | liking; wanting |
| the _____-_____ _______ shields the brain from toxic substances in the blood | blood-brain barrier |
Created by:
bellabarkley
Popular Psychology sets