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Intro to Anatomy
Intro terms to human anatomy - Cox College BIOL 205
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| anatomy | "to cut up" - translated to mean the study of structure based largely on dissection |
| physiology | "the study of nature" - translated to mean the study of how things function |
| biology | "the study of life" - including many sciences like zoology and botany |
| microscopic anatomy | includes" histology, cytology, and ultrastructure the study of anatomical systems too small to see with the human eye |
| histology | studies the 4 basic tissue types using a standard light microscope |
| cytology | studies of cellular structures using a standard light microscope and EM |
| ultrastructure | studies subcellular structures and macromolecules using an electron microscope |
| gross anatomy | includes: developmental anatomy, surface anatomy, the regional approach and systematic approach study of anatomical structures that you can see with the naked eye |
| developmental anatomy | the study of development from gametogenesis to senescence |
| surface anatomy | anatomy that you can see/touch on a patient example: a bump, scrape, etc. |
| metabolism | sum total of catabolic and anabolic reactions |
| homeostasis | maintenance of a stable internal environment |
| five major characteristics of humans: | 1: a large, well developed brain weighing approx. 3 lbs., 2: bipedal locomotion w/ sigmoidal curvature of the spine, 3: stereoscopic vision directed forwards for depth perception, 4: opposable thumbs with a saddle joint, 5: well developed vocal structures |
| anterior | in front of/towards the front surface |
| posterior | in the back of/towards the back surface |
| dorsal | at the back side of the human body |
| ventral | at the belly side of the human body |
| superior | towards the head or above |
| inferior | towards the feet |
| caudal | at the rear or tail end |
| cranial | at the head end |
| medial | towards the midline of the body |
| lateral | away from the midline of the body |
| deep | on the inside/underneath another surface |
| superficial | on the outside |
| proximal | closet to point of attachment to trunk |
| distal | furthest from point of attachment to trunk |
| coronal plane | imaginary plane that divides the body in half from front and back |
| sagittal plane | imaginary plane that divides the body in half from left and right |
| transverse plane | imaginary plane that divides the body in half from top and bottom |
| right hypochondriac region | upper right abdominal region |
| epigastric region | upper middle abdominal region |
| left hypochondriac region | upper left abdominal region |
| right lumbar region | mid right abdominal region |
| umbilical region | center abdominal region |
| left lumbar region | mid left abdominal region |
| right iliac region | lower right abdominal region |
| hypogastric region | lower mid abdominal region |
| left iliac region | lower left abdominal region |
| pericardial cavity | body cavity associated with the heart |
| pleural cavity | body cavity associated with the lungs |
Created by:
jessie_richards
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