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Matter and Energy
Matter and Energy Vocabulary
Question | Answer |
---|---|
physical property | The properties of matter that we observe with our senses. |
extrinsic properties | Depends on the amount of matter present. Mass, volume, and energy are examples of extrinsic properties. |
intrinsic properties | Do not depend on the amount of matter present in the sample. Color, melting point, density, boiling point, hardness, and electrical conductivity are all intrinsic properties. |
compressible | A solid that will take up the container it is in. |
phase barriers | Point at which phases change. |
condensation point | Temperature where a gas becomes a liquid |
freezing point | Temperature where a liquid becomes a solid |
melting point | Temperature where a solid becomes a liquid |
boiling point | Temperature where a liquid becomes a gas |
sublimation | Evaporation of a substance directly from solid to a gas without melting or going through the liquid phase. |
deposition | Condensation of a substance directly from a vapor to a solid without going through the liquid phase |
density | Mass per unit volume of a substance |
polarity | It affects the interaction of gases. Substances that are gases at room temperature are most often stand-alone atoms, diatomic molecules or small, nonpolar molecular compounds. |
volatile compound | These compounds tend to vaporize. |
volume | Consists of the amount of space that an object takes up. |
pressure | Amount of force applied on a given surface area. |
directly proportional | One quality increases, so does the related quantity. |
inversely proportional | The relationship in Boyle’s law |
internal energy | Force holding atoms together with other atoms to form molecules. They possess internal energy |
exothermic reaction | They release thermal energy. |
endothermic reaction | Heat energy is absorbed |
activation energy | The energy to start a reaction |
catalyst | Increase the rate of a reaction |