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Chapter 10
Gender & Sexuality
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The biological category of male and female; sexual intercourse | sex |
| Cultural, social and psychological meanings associated with masculinity and feminity | gender |
| Behaviors, attitudes and personality traits designated either masculine or feminime in a given culture | gender roles |
| A person's psychological sense of being male or female | gender identity |
| Direction of a person's emotional and erotic attractions | sexual orientation |
| The beliefs and expectations people hold about the typical characteristics, preferences and behaviors of men and women. | gender-role stereotypes |
| Stereotypes in women: | thought/expected to be more emotional, nurturing and patient. |
| Stereotypes in men: | thought/expected to be more aggressive, decisive, and mechanically minded. |
| Gender differences in Personality: | Women: more nurturant, socially sensitive, friendly, concerned with others welfare, more emotional. Men: More assertive, dominant, controlling and independent. |
| Gender differences in Cognitive abilities: | *No differences for most Women: verbal, reading, and writing Men: spatial skills, math skills |
| Gender differences in sexual attitudes: | *Recent Meta-analysis Men & Women: Mostly similar. <oral sex, satisfaction Men: more sexual partners, sex at an earlier age, more masturbation, more casual sex |
| Gender differences in Children's behavior: | 18 mos-2yrs-> differences in behavior 2-3yrs -> gender-role stereotypes emerge Toddler girls-> dolls and ask for help Toddler boys-> trucks/wagons, more active 3yrs+ -> differences in preferred toys and activities, rigid beliefs and behavior stereotyp |
| Gender roles learned through reinforcement, punishment and modeling. | Social Learning Theory |
| Kids actively develop mental categories for masculinity and feminity | Gender Schema Theory |
| Someone whose biological gender is ambiguous. Reproductive structures may be partly male and partly female. | Intersexed |
| Individuals are anatomically "normal". They are biologically male and female. They have a Gender Identity Disorder. | Transgendered |
| A transgendered person who undergoes surgery and hormone treatments to physically transform his/her body into the opposite sex | transsexual |
| The beginning of sexual arousal | Human sexual response: Stage 1: Excitement |
| Increased physical arousal | Human sexual response: Stage 2: Plateau |
| The male ejaculates, female vaginal contraction | Human sexual response: Stage 3: Orgasm |
| Arousal Subsides | Human Sexual response: Stage 4: Resolution |
| Male; during stage 4. Male is incapable of having another erection for several hours. | Human sexual response: Refactory period |
| The direction of a person's emotional and erotic attraction toward member's of the opposite sex, the same sex, or both sexes. | Sexual orientation |
| sexual attraction for the opposite sex | Heterosexual |
| sexual attraction for the same sex | Homosexual |
| Typically used to describe male homosexuals | Gay |
| Typically used to describe female homosexuals | Lesbians |
| NHSLS | National Health and Social Life Survey. A survey that conducts sexual behavior in adults. |
| 1/3 have sex 2 or more times/ week 1/3 have sex a few times/month 1/3 0-few times/yr Married/Co-habitating-most active 85%-physically and emotionally satisfied | Patterns of sexual behavior: Frequency and Satisfaction |
| Vaginal intercourse most common. Oral sex-2/3 Anal sex-least common Forced sex-least preferred | Patterns of sexual behavior: Sexual activity |
| 50%-least once/month Takes longer for arousal and orgasm. Women-Lack of partner, not enjoyable. Dating-very common for sexual needs. | Patterns of sexual behavior: Late adulthood |
| *Men and women both have them. Men= have higher incidences, fantasize about active roles, explicit imagery, more partners, fewer problems/more satisfied, more dominance. Women= passive, more romantic, less partners, more submission | Patterns of sexual behavior: sexual fantasies |
| A consistent disturbance in sexual desire, arousal, or orgasm that causes psychological distress, and interpersonal difficulties. | Sexual dysfunction |
| A sexual dysfunction characterized by little or no sexual desire. | Hypoactive sexual desire disorder |
| A sexual dysfunction characterized by active avoidance of genital sexual contact because of extreme anxiety, fear or disgust. | Sexual aversion disorder |
| A sexual dysfunction characterized by genital pain before, during, and after sexual intercourse. | Dysparaunia |
| In males, sexual dysfunction characterized by recurring inability to achieve or maintain an erect penis. | Erectile Dysfunction (ED) |
| In males, sexual dysfunction characterized by delayed orgasm during intercourse, or the inability to achieve orgasm during intercourse. | Male orgasmic disorder |
| In males, sexual dysfunction characterized by orgasm occurring before it is desired, often immediately or shortly after sexual stimulation or penetration. | Premature ejaculation |
| In females, sexual dysfunction characterized by consistent delays in achieving orgasm or the inability to achieve orgasm. | female orgasmic disorder |
| A sexual dysfunction characterized by persistent, involuntary contractions or spasms of the vaginal muscles, which result in uncomfortable or painful intercourse. | Vaginismus |
| Non-traditional sexual behavior where sexual gratification depends on an unusual experience, object, or fantasy | Paraphilia |
| Sexual arousal achieved by publicly exposing genitals to strangers | Exhibitionism |
| Sexual arousal from touching or rubbing up against someone usually in a crowded place or situation. | Frotteurism |
| In heterosexual males, sexual arousal from cross-dressing in women's clothing | Transvestic Fetishism |
| Sexual fantasies involved with a child | Pedophilia |
| Watching someone undress, being naked, or being involved in sexual activity | Voyeurism |
| Sexual arousal achieved through intentionally inflicting psychological or physical suffering on another person | Sexual sadism |
| Sexual arousal in response to actually being humiliated, beaten, bound or being MADE TO SUFFER | Sexual masochism |
| A sexually transmitted disease caused by the _____ simplex virus that can produce outbreaks of painful blisters in the genital and anal regions. Signs: flu-like symptoms, fever, swollen glands, blisters on genitals. | Genital Herpes |
| Disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus, which selectively attacks helper "T" cells in the immune system, progressively weakening the body's ability to fight infections and diseases. **Can become highly suseptable to other diseases*** | Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) |
| A retrovirus that infects, destroys, and reduces the number of "T" cells in the immune system producing AIDS. | Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) |
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italianbabe330
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