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PHARMALAB (ROUTES)

Unit 1: Routes of Drugs

TermDefinition
Pharmacology the scientific study of the effects of drugs and chemicals on living organisms
OLD CARTS in History Taking (Assessment) OLD CARTS (Onset, Location/radiation, Duration, Character, Aggravating factors, Relieving factors, Timing and Severity).
PARDED DERT Patient, Assessment, Refuse, Drug, Education, Documentation Dose, Evaluation, Route, Time
Right evaluation Ensure the medication is working the way it should. Ensure medications are reviewed regularly. Ongoing observations if required.
Right assessment Check your patient actually needs the medication. Check for contraindications. Baseline observations if required.
Right to refuse Ensure you have the patient consent to administer medications. Be aware that patients do have a right to refuse medication if they have the capacity to do so.
Right documentation Ensure you have signed for the medication AFTER it has been administered. Ensure the medication is prescribed correctly with a start and end date if appropriate.
Right patient education Check if the patient understands what the medication is for. Make them aware they should contact a healthcare professional if they experience side-effects or reactions.
Right time Check the frequency of the prescribed medication. Double-check that you are giving the prescribed at the correct time. Confirm when the last dose was given.
Right route Again, check the order and appropriateness of the route prescribed. Confirm that the patient can take or receive the medication by the ordered route.
Right dose Check the prescription. Confirm the appropriateness of the dose using the BNF or local guidelines. If necessary, calculate the dose and have another nurse calculate the dose as well.
Right medication Check the name of the medication, brand names should be avoided. Check the expiry date. Check the prescription. Make sure medications, especially antibiotics, are reviewed regularly.
Right patient Check the name on the prescription and wristband. Ideally, use 2 or more identifiers and ask the patient to identify themselves.
half-life of a drug the time it takes for the amount of a drug's active substance in your body to reduce by half
if 100mg of a drug with a half-life of 60 minutes 60 minutes after administration, 50mg remains. 120 minutes after administration, 25mg remains.
Infection heat (calor), pain (dolor), redness (rubor), and swelling (tumor)
Created by: CangHai
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