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Unit 1 Pyscology
Question | Answer |
---|---|
empiricism | the view that know- ledge originates in experience and that science should, there- fore, rely on observation and experimentation. |
structuralism | early school of thought promoted by Wundt and Titchener; used introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind. |
functionalism | early school of thought promoted by James and influenced by Darwin; explored how mental and behavioral processes function—how they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish. |
experimental psychology | the study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method. |
behaviorism | the view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. |
humanistic psychology | a historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people. |
cognitive neuroscience | the interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language). |
psychology | the science of behavior and mental processes. |
nature–nurture issue | the longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors |
natural selection | the principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passe |
levels of analysis | the differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon. |
biopsychosocial approach | an integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis. |
behavioral psychology | the scientific study of observable behavior, and its explanation by principles of learning. |