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1 Ch - Phy Sci M 1

Apologia Physical Science M 1

QuestionAnswer
chemistry the study of matter - its composition, structure, properties, and interactions
matter anything that has mass and takes up space
mass measures how much matter exists in an object
weight measures how hard gravity pulls on an object
Because mass measures how much matter is IN an object, it does NOT depend on the gravity present.
slug English unit for mass
Newton metric unit for weight
derived units derived from math calculations with basic units that make up the metric system
Units must be IDENTICAL when adding or subtracting.
Units do NOT have to be the same when multiplying or dividing.
1 cubic cm = 1 mL
The first rule of measuring with a ruler is you must start at the 1.
When making measurements, always make sure you know what your scale is.
Always estimate one digit beyond the markings. The last digit of any measurement is an estimate.
meniscus the curved surface of a liquid
When measuring a liquid, you must read the level of the liquid from the bottom of the meniscus.
Curiosity is the basis of science.
Science is a system of knowledge and the process used to find that knowledge.
technology applied science
physical science deals with the study of non-living things
physics the study of matter and energy and how they interact through forces and motion
observation gathering information using senses or with the aid of instruments
qualitative observations observations made using one of the five senses
quantitative observations observations made with instruments such as rules, balances, etc., always has a number in them
hypothesis a possible, testable explanation for one or more observations
controlled experiment an investigation in which the factors that influence the outcome are kept the same except for one
variable a factor that changes in an experiment
independent variable manipulated variable, is intentionally changed or manipulated in an experimented
dependent variable the variable that responds to the changing variable
Good science requires that an experiment be repeatable.
Some experiments are simply observational experiments.
scientific theory a well-supported EXPLANATION of a range of phenomena
scientific law a well supported DESCRIPTION of a natural phenomenon
Science does NOT prove anything, but is rather about collecting evidence.
inferences logical conclusion drawn from observations, previous knowledge, and available information
scientific model useful simplification used to make it easier to understand things that might be too difficult to directly observe
SI the modern metric system, the International System of Units (Systeme International d'Unites)
kilo (k) 1,000
centi (c) one-hundredTH
milli (m) one-thousandTH
gram metric unit for mass
meter metric unit for length
liter metric unit for volume
factor-label method uses the multiplication of fractions to convert between units of measurement
conversion factor the relationship between two units; will always equal 1
All data tables need 3 parts: a short, concise title, column labels, and row labels.
Whenever we do experiments, it's a good idea to complete multiple trials.
Tables and graphs assist in the ability to see patterns in data.
Line graphs are the most commonly used graphs in science because they can show even the smallest patterns or trends.
Line graphs should only be used if the independent variable is qualitative data.
Always graph the independent (manipulated) variable on the x-axis (horizontal axis).
Always graph the dependent (responding) variable on the y-axis (vertical axis).
NO RELATIONSHIP is indicated when the independent variable changes but the dependent variable does not - OR - the dependent variable changes even when the independent variable does not
A DIRECT RELATIONSHIP is indicated when an increase in the independent variable also causes an increase in the dependent variable.
An INVERSE RELATIONSHIP occurs when an increase in the independent variable is associated with a decrease in the dependent variable.
Created by: MrsHough
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