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Chapter 2 Pharm
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Receptors | where drugs forms chemical bonds with specific sites |
| pharamacodynamics | study of the interactions between drugs and their receptors and the series of events that results in a pharmacologic response |
| agonists | drugs that interact with a receptor to stimulate a response |
| antagonists | drugs that attach to a receptor but do not stimulate a response |
| partial agonists | drugs that interact with a receptor to stimulate a response but inhibit other responses |
| route of drugs | enteral-drugs is administered directly to the GI tract parental-route bypasses the GI tract with the use Subcut, IM , and IV percutaneous - route involves drugs being absorbed through the skin and mucous membrane |
| Liberation | when a drug is released from the dosage form |
| Absorption | the process whereby a drug is transferred from its site of entry into the body to the circulation fluids of the body (blood and lymph) for distribution around the body |
| Distribution | refers to the ways in which a drug is transported throughout the body by the circulating body fluids to the sites of action or to the receptors that the drug affects |
| Metabolism | the process whereby the body inactivates drugs ; liver is primary site (breaking the drugs down) |
| Excretion | elimination of drugs metabolites and , in some cases, of the active drug itself from the body .. Kidney are major organs |
| drug blood level | a blood sample maybe drawn and assayed to determine the amount of drug present "therapeutic range" |
| half-life | the amount time required for 50% of the drug to be eliminated from the body |
| onset of action | when the concentration of a drug at the site of action is sufficient to start a physiologic |
| peak action | the time at which the drug reaches the highest concentrations on the target receptor sites, inducing the maximal pharmacologic response for the dose given |
| duration of action | how long the drug has a pharmacologic effect |
| desired action | expected response |
| side effects/common adverse effect | drugs have the potential to affect more than one body system simultaneously |
| serious adverse effect | life threatening ; can lead to toxicity |
| idiosyncratic reaction | occurs when something unusual or abnormal happens when a drug is first administered . the type or reaction is generally the result of patients inability to metabolize a drug b/c of the genetic deficiency of certain enzymes. RARE |
| allergic reaction | "hypersensitivity" |
| drug interaction | to occur when the action of one drug is altered or changed by the action of another drug |
| unbound drugs | pharmacologically active |
| additive effect | two drugs with SIMILAR actions are taken for an increased effect |
| synergist effect | the combined effect of two drugs is GREATER than the sum of effect of each drug given together |
| antagonistic | one drug interferences with the action of another |
| displacement | the displacement of the first drug from protein-binding sites by a second drug increases the activity of the drug because more unbound drug is available |
| interference | the first drug inhibits the metabolism or excretion of the second drug, thereby causing increased activity of the second drug |
| incompatibility | the first drug is chemically incompatible with the second drug. |
Created by:
Miamor400
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