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Chapter 2 Pharm

TermDefinition
Receptors where drugs forms chemical bonds with specific sites
pharamacodynamics study of the interactions between drugs and their receptors and the series of events that results in a pharmacologic response
agonists drugs that interact with a receptor to stimulate a response
antagonists drugs that attach to a receptor but do not stimulate a response
partial agonists drugs that interact with a receptor to stimulate a response but inhibit other responses
route of drugs enteral-drugs is administered directly to the GI tract parental-route bypasses the GI tract with the use Subcut, IM , and IV percutaneous - route involves drugs being absorbed through the skin and mucous membrane
Liberation when a drug is released from the dosage form
Absorption the process whereby a drug is transferred from its site of entry into the body to the circulation fluids of the body (blood and lymph) for distribution around the body
Distribution refers to the ways in which a drug is transported throughout the body by the circulating body fluids to the sites of action or to the receptors that the drug affects
Metabolism the process whereby the body inactivates drugs ; liver is primary site (breaking the drugs down)
Excretion elimination of drugs metabolites and , in some cases, of the active drug itself from the body .. Kidney are major organs
drug blood level a blood sample maybe drawn and assayed to determine the amount of drug present "therapeutic range"
half-life the amount time required for 50% of the drug to be eliminated from the body
onset of action when the concentration of a drug at the site of action is sufficient to start a physiologic
peak action the time at which the drug reaches the highest concentrations on the target receptor sites, inducing the maximal pharmacologic response for the dose given
duration of action how long the drug has a pharmacologic effect
desired action expected response
side effects/common adverse effect drugs have the potential to affect more than one body system simultaneously
serious adverse effect life threatening ; can lead to toxicity
idiosyncratic reaction occurs when something unusual or abnormal happens when a drug is first administered . the type or reaction is generally the result of patients inability to metabolize a drug b/c of the genetic deficiency of certain enzymes. RARE
allergic reaction "hypersensitivity"
drug interaction to occur when the action of one drug is altered or changed by the action of another drug
unbound drugs pharmacologically active
additive effect two drugs with SIMILAR actions are taken for an increased effect
synergist effect the combined effect of two drugs is GREATER than the sum of effect of each drug given together
antagonistic one drug interferences with the action of another
displacement the displacement of the first drug from protein-binding sites by a second drug increases the activity of the drug because more unbound drug is available
interference the first drug inhibits the metabolism or excretion of the second drug, thereby causing increased activity of the second drug
incompatibility the first drug is chemically incompatible with the second drug.
Created by: Miamor400
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