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PM Foundations
Project Management Foundations
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sakait has done some extra work to appease a client. Now the client is asking her to do one more task, which is significant and not part of project scope. What should Sakait do? | Sakait should tell the client the task is not within scope and add the task using the change control process. This is the best approach for Sakait and would help to prevent any further scope creep. |
| As part of the project definition, Bisa identifies risks for the project. What is the purpose of doing this during project initiation? | so management can decide whether the risks are serious enough to warrant denying the project If the project has numerous, serious risks, management might decide to choose a different project that offers benefits without so much uncertainty. |
| After the plan is approved and project work begins, Tara's boss is not happy about a project delay for an upgrade. The vendor thought Tara's team would do the upgrade, and Tara thought the vendor would do it. What was missed in this situation? | An assumption was not identified. |
| Your boss has asked you to be the project manager of an approved software implementation project. Which project document identifies your authority and responsibilities? | a project charter |
| Why is it important to document the project scope? | to remind stakeholders what they agreed to and to prevent scope creep With the project scope in writing, you will be able to identify whether requests are within scope or need to be handled by change management. |
| Rudolph, the project manager, is trying to obtain customer approval of project deliverables. It is taking longer than he anticipated because the customer wants to discuss the results. What is the most likely reason for these delays? | The success criteria aren't clear and quantifiable. Success criteria that are unclear or not quantifiable can make it difficult to determine whether deliverables are acceptable. |
| Banton is defining his project deliverables. Which statement describes what a project deliverable is? | Deliverables are the results that the project delivers and help define the project scope. A project deliverable is defined as a result that a project delivers; it helps define the project scope. |
| Which technique would you most likely use to gather valid requirements and get buy-in from various departments? | focus groups This type of requirements gathering is usually face-to-face and is best for obtaining buy-in or agreements from several groups. |
| Project objectives help you flesh out a project by _____. | defining project scope Project objectives help identify the items you include in project scope. |
| Your client has asked for a project that will fix productivity concerns with the customer service department. After asking "why" several times, you are able to determine the cause and create a _____. | problem statement This is what clearly defines the problem or opportunity that the project will address. |
| Ramesh is creating objectives for his project. Which SMART step will help him identify actual progress? | Measurable This SMART step refers to the objectives that make it easy to determine whether or not they have been achieved. |
| The sponsor of Project T5 assigned you as the project manager, and the project has already been approved. What is the first thing you need to do as the project manager? | Review what has been done and complete any tasks not addressed. |
| Krisha is gathering information on her stakeholders, such as department names, factors that motivate them, who they listen to, and their contributions on the project. What is this document called? | a stakeholder analysis This document includes much of the information Krisha needs to effectively communicate with each stakeholder. |
| You are managing a project that is implementing a new financial system. You need to include some of the finance department's resources on the team. Which stakeholder should you approach? | a functional or line manager |
| Several stakeholders for a project disagree on the priorities of many project objectives. Who would you ask first for help resolving this issue? | the project sponsor The project sponsor wants the project to succeed and has enough authority to help you resolve issues, particularly with other stakeholders. |
| You are the project manager for a healthcare system implementation project. The sponsor has asked you to create a project definition. What will the sponsor use this document for? | to decide whether to approve the project By defining the project, the customer or sponsor can make an informed decision whether the project makes sense for the organization. |
| Your project seems to be going off track, so you take action to resolve the problem. In which project management phase are you working? | Monitoring and Controlling This phase checks on the status of the project and compares it to what was planned. |
| The boss has asked you to research project management tools that will help with building and planning tasks on a timeline. Which type of tool would you most likely consider? | a scheduling program Project managers typically use this tool to build and manage a project schedule. |
| During which waterfall phase does the project manager bring the full team on board and orient them to the project and expectations? | executing At the beginning of the executing phase, you kick off the project, get resources on board, and explain the rules for the project. |
| Your organization runs numerous projects and wants to choose the most appropriate resources for each project team. Which of the following is the best tool for identifying project resources? | enterprise project management software Enterprise project management software offers tools to find resources with the right skills and availability. |
| You are hiring a new project manager to take over a project with several teams that often disagree on what they are supposed to do. Which competency would you feel is most important in a candidate for this situation? | strong leadership skills This skill is needed to help guide and inspire the team to do the right things and work together. |
| Which organizational factor is most important when you need to make a difficult decision? | the organization's mission |
| Which of the following skills is not crucial for a project manager to possess? | accounting Although project managers do need to understand aspects of finance, accounting skills can be provided by others. |
| accounting Correct Although project managers do need to understand aspects of finance, accounting skills can be provided by others. | The customer receives value from the project sooner. One of the key benefits to an agile methodology is that the customer receives value sooner, because partial solutions are delivered on a regular schedule. |
| A project that you manage is behind schedule. You have identified an approach that would get the project back on track, but it would require you to break one of your organization's policies. What is the best course of action? | Determine if the rule is one that can be broken and come up with an alternative plan of action if your approach doesn't work. If you determine that the rule can be broken, you can deliver earlier with minor consequences. |
| Rosanne's boss asks her to manage a project. Which question requires understanding of objectives, requirements, deliverables, and success criteria to answer? | How will you know when you are done? This question requires understanding of deliverables and success criteria, whereas the other questions do not require that information. |
| James is managing a project in which he has some authority to make decisions. In which type of organizational structure is James most likely managing this project? | a matrix organization This organizational structure can be weak or strong, but does allow the project manager to have some authority to make decisions. |
| What are the components that differentiate a project from operational work? | a unique goal, a temporary endeavor, and usually a budget The definition of a project is "a temporary endeavor that has a unique goal and usually a budget." |
| Ravi took on a system implementation project that he estimated would take six months to complete, but the work keeps continuing. What is the likely cause? | The project is not clearly defined. When the work on a project keeps going, it is a sign the project is not well defined. |
| What is not a required part of creating a project schedule? | Set a deadline for the project. |
| Raghbir has done all the project planning and is ready to obtain stakeholders' approval. However, the stakeholders are not co-located. What is the best possible approach for getting their approval? | Have a video conference with all stakeholders. This is the best approach for achieving group collaboration and approval in a timely fashion. |
| Jivan is preparing an agenda for the project plan approval meeting. Which item should she not include in her agenda? | schedule the project definition meeting |
| Angela is about to start the project plan for a financial system migration project. What information should she identify first because it drives most of the plan? | the work that must be done The work that must be done determines the skills and resources you need, the effort the work will take, the cost, and more. |
| Chloe is developing her risk management plan and wants to make sure that she can get early warning that a risk might occur. What is the key item she should document in her risk information forms? | the events that might trigger the risk If an event might trigger a risk, documenting these events will give you early warning. |
| Candace is a new project manager and has asked for your help with the project budget. Which type of cost typically represents the largest portion of a project budget? | labor Labor equates to people and is the largest part of a project's cos |
| You are building your project schedule. You have the tasks in the right sequence. What is the next step you should take? | Add the time that you estimate for each task. Once you have tasks in the right order, you can add the estimated time for each task. |
| Turkan is developing a resource management plan for his project. Which part of this plan articulates who makes decisions, who performs work, and who needs to receive status on the project? | responsibility matrix This section details the responsibilities, decision makers, participants, and approvers. |
| Mei has obtained a graph showing duration data for past projects that follows a normal distribution. Which duration estimate provides the best chance for a project being selected and completed successfully? | the average of the worst-case value and the 50% probability value on the normal distribution This choice is not so high that the project won't get selected, yet it provides an 86% chance of delivering at or below your estimates |
| The IT department says that there are several products that do what the project needs. What is the most important thing that will help you choose the right product? | understanding your project needs Understanding your project needs is the most crucial step towards making the best procurement decision. It allows you to create clear and prioritized requirements. |
| Madhukant's project includes testing software functions. Which part of the quality management plan would address the processes that will be used to ensure the software is meeting the standards? | quality assurance plan This section articulates the processes Madhukant uses during the project to ensure the final results meet the quality standards. |
| Your coworker has to develop a cost estimate but is unsure which is the best one based on a bell curve of costs for past projects. What is a general practice for choosing the best estimate? | Choose a point halfway between the average and worst-case values. This approach will give the project the best probability for overall success, including contingency. |
| Linde has a tight budget for her project. She needs to potentially seek outside sources. Which plan should she consult to understand the products or services that are available? | the procurement plan This plan describes the process for deciding whether to purchase projects and services, how to do it, and which are available to purchase. |
| you to take on a reengineering project. The company hasn't run reengineering projects before, but has hired several project managers with reengineering experience. Which technique is best to use in this situation to estimate time and cost? | Delphi technique |
| Your client has just asked you to make changes to some features in the project. What would you do first? | Ask the client to document and submit a change request form. This is the process that needs to be followed as part of the project's change management process. |
| The change review board can't get through all the change requests that are submitted. They want to focus on requests with significant impact. What process change would you propose to allow the review board to focus on significant changes? | Set thresholds so you or team leads can decide what to do with small change requests. Setting thresholds for time and cost will reduce the number of change requests that the review board has to handle. |
| When would you create a work package document that describes the work to be done in explicit detail? | the assigned resource is inexperienced A detailed work package can provide an inexperienced person with guidance on what needs to be done, how it needs to be done, how to tell that the work is complete and completed correctly. |
| The development team has encountered a problem with a software feature. They need to handle this problem quickly, but they can't make a face-to-face brainstorming session because they aren't local. Which alternative solution is best? | videoconferencing |
| Which factor is a test you can use to determine whether you have broken down the work to the right level? | The work package is between 8 and 80 hours to complete. This is a best practice project managers strive to achieve when testing whether work is broken down to the right level. |
| You have created a risk management plan for your project. Which type of response would you use if the scope was changed to remove a risky section of the project? | avoidance |
| George is building his work breakdown structure (WBS) to organize and distribute the project work to various departments. Which type of tasks would he use to represent a department's responsibility? | summary tasks These tasks are the higher-level tasks that organize work in some way, such as work for a department. |
| a hard drive with customized software fails and you lose the work that was done. What type of risk management strategy do backups represent? | risk mitigation Risk mitigation means you limit the impact or probability of the risk, which is what the team is doing by backing up their work regularly. |
| Which of the following skills is not crucial for a project manager to possess? | identifying deliverables Deliverables drive the creation of the work breakdown structure, not the other way around. |
| Izzy has finished identifying risks for her big project, but is unsure how to account for unknown risks from a time and cost perspective. What is the general practice most companies use for projects? | Set aside a percentage of the budget and project duration based on past projects. If you don't have past experience, use 15%. This is a best practice most project managers use for contingency. |
| Kendra has a project team of varying skills and experience. Since the WBS task names are short and may not be enough for the team members to know what to do, what should Kendra do? | Kendra should have her team leaders create work package documents. |
| The project customer and other stakeholders have approved your project plan. After you save the project baseline, those documents will be under the control of the _____. | change management process |
| Which type of dependency is most common in project schedules? | finish-to-start This type of dependency is best here because it means the finish of one task controls the start of the next task. |
| Milestones can be used in many ways. What is not something that milestones do? | summarize schedule and cost performance Milestones don't have duration or assigned resources, so they can't summarize cost. However, looking at only milestones does provide one type of high-level summary of the schedule. |
| A stakeholder project review meeting is estimated for a one-day duration. There are eight stakeholders. How many work hours do the stakeholders spend in this meeting? | 64 The task duration is one day each for eight stakeholders, so the amount of work hours per day needs to be multiplied by each resource. |
| What is not a required part of creating a project schedule? | what time people start working each day the number of people assigned, the percentage of their regular work schedule allocated to the task, and the days that resources are or are not available to work. |
| You have quite the diversified team in experience, skills, and hours they work. Which best practice should you follow to help ensure your schedule is as realistic as possible? | Add notes to your schedule to document resource changes and the reasons for the changes. To keep track of resource changes, it is best to add notes to your schedule with the reasons for the changes. |
| Now that your project is underway, all resource assignments are running late. What is the likely cause? | not taking into account the hours that resources spend on non-project work each day Non-project time affects everyone in the organization, which is why this is the most likely cause of every resource being behind schedule. |
| Which activity is not part of the Adapt stage? | Review what has been completed and what is still on the backlog to choose the features for the next iteration. Although the Adapt stage includes a review of what was completed, you do not choose the features for the next iteration. |
| The Agile team is building and implementing features. The team lead runs a daily meeting to review the status on completed and incomplete work. Which Agile stage is the team in? | explore This is the stage in which the team is working on the features assigned to the current iteration. |
| The customer has identified several new features since the original backlog was built. What do you do to address them? | At the beginning of the next iteration, re-estimate, reevaluate, and re-prioritize the backlog features to decide which ones to include in the iteration. |
| The Agile project management lifecycle _____. | includes activities similar to a Waterfall approach but performed in a different order and with different emphasis Correct |
| What are the names for the stages in an Agile iteration? | speculate, explore, adapt These are the three stages a team cycles through for each iteration |
| How can using an Agile approach help a company improve delivery? | by using an iterative approach to deliver value sooner |
| Which choice is not a characteristic of Agile project management? | no documentation Agile projects produce less documentation than a traditional Waterfall approach. They do not totally eliminate documentation. |
| You need to resolve a serious disagreement over requirements between the project customer and another key stakeholder. What is the key communication technique to choose for this situation? | Hold a face-to-face meeting or videoconference. |
| Callahan just completed the planning phase. Now he needs to have a kickoff meeting with the team. What is not something covered in the kickoff meeting? | a detailed review of the project plan A detailed review of the project plan is NOT needed at the kickoff meeting. A high-level review is more appropriate for a kickoff meeting. |
| Your project meetings run longer than planned and you're determined to start and finish them on time in the future. What technique would you implement to accomplish this? | Create an agenda with topics and time estimates so you can move topics that exceed their time to the parking lot to be handled later. |
| You have a project committee meeting with all stakeholders. What is the key step you need to take to make the meeting effective for the stakeholders? | Identify the purpose of the meeting and results you need from the stakeholders. |
| Your team asks a lot of questions about their assignments. Although they turn to you to make decisions, they sometimes test the boundaries of what they can do. What stage of team building are they in? | forming |
| You are project managing a team of 10 people. Lately, one of your team members is not performing up to par. What is the least likely approach you should use to handle this situation? | Quickly find another team member to take over. This is a hasty reaction, and does not display an effective working relationship, convey respect, or motivate others. In addition, other team members might not be available to take over. |
| There's a conflict on Mack's virtual project team. Which approach is best to address the conflict? | a video or phone conference This is the best approach for a conflict that arises among a team, and it provides everyone a chance to work through the conflict. |
| A change request submitted by the project sponsor has an effect on several other projects within the organization. If the change request appears to be a positive addition to the project, who should you ask to approve the change request? | the organization's executive board Typically, you need to go to the executive board for approval when a change request affects other projects. |
| Camille receives a change request that will probably affect the project's business case. How should she manage this change? | She should have the customer approve the change request. This is the first step to take when a change request affects the project's business case. |
| Pam owns several risks in a project. What is Pam's first action as a risk owner? | Proactively implement risk responses before the risks become issues. Before a risk even occurs, Pam will proactively implement risk responses to avoid, mitigate, or plan contingencies for the risk. |
| What do you use to specify what will be tested in project acceptance tests. | You use the deliverables and success criteria developed during the planning stage in order to design acceptance tests. These acceptance tests confirm the deliverables do what they're supposed to do according to the success criteria. |
| What is a reason that you might not be able to tailor your project in some ways? | The project is in a highly regulated industry that has specific project management requirements. Some regulated industries require specific project management deliverables, in reporting, governance, and so on. |
| What is not something you would tailor in a project? | the project objectives |
| Who applies the principles for effective project management? | anyone who works on projects The project management principles can be applied by anyone working on projects. |
| Which factor could directly affect the strategy and portfolio changes that the leadership team makes? | the value realized from project-related work |
| What is the initial driver for what the value delivery system does within an organization? | the organizational vision of senior leadership Although other factors affect actions within the value delivery system once project work is underway, the initial driver for value is senior leadership's vision for the organization. |
| Estimating a project using the Delphi technique is an example of which type of tool? | method A method is a way to achieve an outcome or result. Estimating is a method for determining the work, cost, and time a project will require. |
| While each performance domain places on a specific topic, what is the overarching focus of all performance domains? | delivering outcomes, benefits, and value The seventh edition of the Project Management Body of Knowledge includes performance domains which emphasize delivering outcomes, benefits, and value. |
| What is not something you would tailor in a project? | the project objectives The project objectives help drive most aspects of projects and are set (and might be modified by) the leadership team. You do not tailor them. |
| Who applies the principles for effective project management? | anyone who works on projects The project management principles can be applied by anyone working on projects. |
| Which factor could directly affect the strategy and portfolio changes that the leadership team makes? | the value realized from project-related work |
| What is the initial driver for what the value delivery system does within an organization? | the organizational vision of senior leadership Although other factors affect actions within the value delivery system once project work is underway, the initial driver for value is senior leadership's vision for the organization. |
| Estimating a project using the Delphi technique is an example of which type of tool? | method |
| While each performance domain places on a specific topic, what is the overarching focus of all performance domains? | producing the project management deliverables specified in the project plan, delivering outcomes, benefits, and value |
| Behaving fairly means you should evaluate the performance of your team members rather than their _____. | popularity Performance is key. It does not matter how popular they are with you or others. |
| What are the four ethical values published by PMI? | responsibility, respect, fairness, and honesty These are the four values as defined by PMI. |
| When demonstrating responsibility in an ethical manner, you should seek to manage others rather than _____. | assign blame Blaming others is not productive. Intervening in a positive way by leading and coaching is most productive. |
| One of the aspirational ethical standards for responsibility provides advice for accepting project management assignments. It says you should only accept assignments when _____. | they are consistent with our background, experience, skills, and qualifications This is correct per the PMI Code of Ethics. |
| Ensuring fair procurement practices means you should create your _____ process in advance. | vendor and solution evaluation This is the best solution, in accordance with PMI ethics. |
| When collecting facts about an ethical dilemma, what should you be sure to have? | all of these answers Correct All these things and your personal ethical standards are important to inform you about an ethical decision. |
| What is a key requirements management question you should always ask at the beginning of a project? | What do stakeholders need? |
| Requirements are the key to justifying what part of a project? | goals, budgets and resources |
| As you develop project requirements, what will you need to do? | Define stakeholder needs. identify stakeholders, resolve conflicts |
| We _____ requirements by determining how important they are. | prioritize |
| Maintaining version numbers can help everyone ensure that they are using the _____ requirements document. | current |
| If you have a large project, how should you prioritize project requirements? | by a ranking system |
| Your project involves developing a new software. Which formal standard for requirements management must you comply with? | ISO, IEC, and IEEE 29148-2018 |
| The two steps in the requirements approval process are to _____ and to get management approval. | validate requirements with stakeholders |
| What will you do first when the time comes to have your project requirements approved? | Provide the documentation to your stakeholders. |
| The requirements document formalizes the _____ for a project. | goals |
| _____ is focused on figuring out who will be involved, and how they will be affected, by a project. | Stakeholder analysis Absolutely! Stakeholder analysis helps you understand where your requirements will come from, and who will be affected by them. |
| When you are creating a requirements report, also known as a scope document, what is the second step you will take? | including background information This is the next step you take after creating an executive summary. |
| Elicitation is another word for _____. | Gathering Indeed! Eliciting requirements means to gather them. |
| Which attribute of project requirements deals with requirements that need to be modified or reviewed if they are not well defined? | Stability |
| When you are gathering project requirements from stakeholders, why is it important that you capture the exact words your stakeholders use? | to avoid biasing the requirements |
| What is the primary purpose of having project requirements? | They link the needs of your business to your customer as well as the project work you need to do. This alignment is the foundation of everything else you will do regarding the project. |
| Rafael has built an activity list for his project. What must he estimate in order to build his project schedule? | types and quantities of resources Correct The types and quantities of resources help determine how long activities take, which is a key part of building a schedule. |
| You are developing a schedule management plan for your project. Which part of the plan determines when you will take action if the schedule goes off track? | variances from the approved schedule Correct Variances from the approved schedule can trigger when you take corrective action to bring a schedule back on track. |
| Because milestones don't represent _____, you can add as many as you need to your schedule. | work effort Correct Because milestones don't represent work effort, they will not alter your schedule. You can add as many as you wish. |
| Felix needs to define a delay from the finish of one activity to the start of another and the delay does not represent work. What is the best way to model this situation? | Add lag from the dependency predecessor to the successor. Lag defines a mandatory period of time between the completion of the predecessor and the start of the successor. |
| Maneet is building her project schedule by creating dependencies between activities. Which of the following must she define for each dependency? | predecessors and successors Dependencies between activities specify which activities control when other activities will be scheduled. The activities that control others are called predecessors. The controlled activities are called successors. |
| What is not an example of crashing a project? | replacing resources with less expensive alternative Replacing resources with less expensive ones is not crashing, because less expensive resources often take longer to do work. Crashing refers to spending money to shorten the schedul |
| Which choice is not a best practice for sequencing activities? | Every task in a schedule, including the first and last task, should have at least one predecessor and one successor. |
| Kavita develops more accurate estimates as she learns more about her project. What is this approach called? | Rolling wave planning Correct Rolling wave planning involves updating your estimates as the project progresses and your knowledge increases |
| Instead of a single tester, you have been given a team of three testers. What adjustment should you make to the activities that the testers will work on? | Increase your estimate to account for overhead. When multiple people work on a single activity, you need to increase your work estimate to account for increased overhead, such as communication, interaction, and so on. |
| Paulo's manager has requested a resource plan for his current project. What information should Paulo include in that plan? | all resources required, when they are needed, and a high-level estimate for when major sections of the project will occur |
| Getting to know your organization's procurement processes, planning for the time procurement takes, and _____ will help you get the best resources within your organization. | building relationships with your organization's resource managers |
| Which resource assignment variable most often remains the same when you create a resource assignment? | work Correct Work estimates most often remain the same. However, they can change in some situations, such as when you assign a less experienced resource. |
| Work resources are best described as _____. | resources that you assign to activities by allocating their time When work resources are assigned to activities, you specify the amount of time they are allocated to do the work. |
| Which statement about the critical path is not accurate? | The critical path is the sequence of activities that are most important to the project customer. |
| The critical path is most helpful when you are trying to _____. | shorten the project schedule The critical path is most helpful when you are trying to shorten the project schedule, because any change you make to complete a critical activity earlier will make the project finish earlier as well. |
| Which approach helps you model people's workloads more accurately? | work contours |
| Drew needs to balance a person's workload and has located another person with the skills to do some of the work. What advantage does replacing the resource on some activities have over other methods for balancing workloads? | The schedule often doesn't lengthen. |
| If an activity sequence extends beyond its buffer, then you can start using the _____ buffers in the same way to protect the project finish date. | phase The purpose of a phase buffer is to provide contingency at points in a project when multiple activity sequences merge. |
| Anika is managing a project that shows signs of drifting off schedule. Which project factor would she typically not adjust to get the project schedule back on track? | quality |
| Santino regularly watches for early signs of schedule issues. What is the most important reason for performing this project management activity? | He can take corrective action before the issue gets out of control |
| Which technique is not an example of crashing? | start and finish dates for all activities |
| Kevin is managing a project in which the finish date is crucial and the budget is set in stone. What can he adjust to make all the project factors balance? | project scope |
| Zoey asks resource managers for less expensive resources for her project. She makes this choice because _____ is more important than the _____ for this project. | cost; schedule |
| What is the most effective way to improve the quality and integrity of project schedules? | conduct schedule quality reviews |
| Capital costs are funds allocated for buying things to create future benefit in an organization including _____ | buildings, machinery, and equipment. |
| You want to align your project budget with your sponsor's expectations because... | You can then help set or adjust your sponsor's expectations.Creating a logical budget is a good way to align with, or re-align, your sponsor's expectations. |
| Which of the following is a first step in understanding the costing standards? | Research your organization's internal accounting practices. |
| When building a cost forecast, you should first ensure you have all of the _______ captured in your project schedule | cost outlays Outlays are the basis of spending on your project, and the timing for that spending is reflected in your schedule. |
| Which of the following estimates uses industry specific mathematical formulas to come up with estimates for your project? | parametric estimating |
| After each agile sprint, when features are reprioritized, added or subtracted from your scope, you should make any necessary adjustments to your budget, including: | Staffing changes, equipment requirements or other items necessary to produce each feature. |
| Which of the following should you not be concerned about in order to determine the budget detail you need to track for you project? | understand your company's internal sales practices |
| Earned value analysis, allows us to understand how much a project has _______ based on the tasks you have finished | earned |
| Which of the following is not an item that can cause unexpected cost overruns? | variance because you are behind schedule. Variance is not a cause of cost overruns, it is a measure that indicates when one may exist |
| Which of the following is not a sound budget reporting habit? | ignoring cost of idle resources Idle resources can cost you significant money! These should never be ignored |
| Using frameworks and assessments for teams can help you be a better _____. | leader, project manager and communicator |
| According to the Tuckman model, successful teams go through the stages of Forming, Storming, Norming and _____. | Performing |
| In a weak matrix organization, members of a project team have their performance reviews and compensation decisions made by a _____. | functional manager. In a weak matrix organization, members of a project team are primarily overseen by their functional manager. |
| The Bridge's Model describes the emotional response to a change as the _____. | transition |
| The four main domains of Clifton Strengths are Strategic Thinking, Relationship Building, Influencing, and _____. | Executing |
| A "D" personality type in the DISC profile is a _____. | dominant |
| When a project manager uses frameworks to understand team dynamics, what can result? | a better understanding of their team members, a better understanding of themselves, and improved collaboration between team members |
| There's a residential building that adjoins a construction site you're managing. Into which communication category do the residents of that building fit? | spectators. Unless there is a legally authorized oversight role, the neighbors are spectators. |
| Why is a stakeholder communication plan simpler to lay out than an event communication plan? | Stakeholder plans can be anticipated more easily than events. Stakeholders are free to change their communication preferences, but their preferences can be updated. New events can occur without any warning. |
| Why is informal communication necessary? | Formal communication often omits crucial details. Complex messages require interactive and informal communication. |
| Which situation requires formal, written communication? | a payment request to an infrequent client |
| Why is one-way communication susceptible to misinterpretation? | There is no feedback. |
| After vowing to remain calm, which action should be your first when confronting a stakeholder with a grievance? | Ask the stakeholder for illustrative examples. Clarifying the problem with illustrations would help all parties. |
| Why is it important to be concise with executive stakeholders? | Details can obscure the primary message. Anyone can be misled by interesting details. |
| What is the maximum number of participants who should be in a meeting to solve the excess solvent problem in a manufacturing plant? | 5 Three-to-five participants are optimal for a work-group meeting. |
| What should be your first step in writing a document? | List ideas. Start the process by listing ideas without restraint. |
| For a project to have success, who must engage in the project work and outcomes? | the project stakeholders, in a productive and purposeful way will ensure your project work is successful, and the project results bring value. |
| You are creating a list of people who are stakeholders for your project. Who would be the key stakeholder? | A project sponsor is a key stakeholder who provides resources for your project, and advocates for the project from initiation to closure. |
| Which type of stakeholder mapping technique would best be used for managing change and communication? | direction of influence, This technique groups stakeholders by their direction of influence, and can be particularly helpful for managing change and communications |
| Gordon is leading a project software implementation for his company. Halfway through the project, the company merges with another company. How can Gordon be a supportive leader in this situation? | by looking at the bigger picture |
| Your project sponsor wants to understand why some of the stakeholders are upset that certain requirements may not be implemented. Which document will help you explain the situation in more detail? | A requirements traceability matrix is a detailed document and helpful way to track project requirements throughout the entire project lifecycle. |
| You have a stakeholder who shows up to meetings, but does not provide any input. Which type of stakeholder is this? | neutral, This stakeholder is someone who is aware of the project, but may appear to be neither supportive nor resistant. |
| Why is it so important to have a Project Management Risk Plan? | It provides stakeholders an understanding of the risk management activities to be performed, along with the purpose or desired outcomes of your risk related activities. |
| Cacia is preparing a risk management plan. What should she use to communicate and set expectations for each team member's responsibilities? | a matrix tool to document the roles, responsibilities, and risk-related activities for each team member |
| How does conceptual ambiguity create issues for your project? | This is when a sentence can be interpreted more than one way such that, without clarification, your project could head the wrong way. Conceptual ambiguity does indeed present multiple interpretations of a sentence. |
| Why do we manage the uncertainty that generates risks? | Because uncertainty leads to issues, and uncontrolled, they can kill your project. |
| Laetitia is preparing to lead a risk identification workshop for her small project. What should she do once the team has identified all the risks? | The next step is to classify the risks into groups for further analysis and response actions. |
| In what circumstances would you accept a threat risk? | for risks that have a low probability of occurring or won't impact your project very much |
| What is the primary way to understand your stakeholder's risk appetite? | Specific questions to stakeholders reveal the risk tolerance you can manage. |
| Why is it important to tell your sponsor when you dip into contingency reserves? | It is important to let your sponsor know when you dip into contingency so your sponsor is aware of what’s happening with the project. The status of risks and finances is important, and dipping into contingency affects both of these critical measures. |
| Marvin does not have enough time or funds to mitigate every risk, so he needs to analyze only the most important risks on his project. What are the two key parameters to consider for analyzing a risk? | the impact on the project if the risk occurs and the probability that it will occur |
| Why is it considered a risk trigger when a stakeholder group submits frequent change requests? | This is an indicator of changing business conditions, or that stakeholders didn’t devote adequate focus on compiling their requirements. |
| Aanihyn determines that her project has estimation optimism. What type of risk trigger is this, and what must she do? | It is a current risk trigger, and she needs to replan with updated task efforts. Aanihyn should address this issue now since her team was overly optimistic about the time on tasks, which may cause a slip in the schedule. |
| Why is it important to understand any audit activities or compliance requirements pertinent to your business? | Because it is possible that products from your project may require a compliance review or will need to be tested against audit requirements. |
| Why does the project manager have to own every risk that exists for the project? | The project manager does not typically own every risk. Each risk should be assigned to an owner who would be best at identifying when the risk might be evolving into an issue. |
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