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chapter 17
Balance Training Concepts
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Center of gravity | The approximate midpoint of the body; while the location may vary between individuals, it is typically located at the midportion of the trunk. |
| Base of support | The area beneath a person that consists of every point of contact made between the body and the support surface. |
| Limits of stability | The area within which an individual can move one’s center of gravity without changing the base of support (i.e., moving the feet) without falling. |
| Static balance | The ability to maintain the center of mass within the base of support in a stationary position, meaning no linear or angular movement. |
| Semi-dynamic balance | The ability to maintain the center of mass with a stationary base of support yet allowing movement for the base supporting the body. |
| Dynamic balance | The ability to maintain a center of mass over an ever-changing base of support. |
| Sensorimotor function | The interaction between the way the body processes visual, vestibular, and somatosensory information with the motor response of the body to that information. |
| What term refers to the interaction between the body’s processing of information (visual, vestibular, and somatosensory) and the body’s motor response to that information? | Sensorimotor function |
| Neuromuscular control | The response (conscious or unconscious) of the muscles within the body to control purposeful movement. |
| Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) | A key ligament within the knee joint that provides stability to limit excessive motion of the tibia relative to the femur. |
| Systematic review | A type of research article that synthesizes and summarizes findings from multiple existing research articles on a specific topic. |
| Perturbation | An alteration of the body’s current state caused by the application of an external force. |
| Proprioceptively enriched environment | An unstable (yet controllable) exercise environment that causes the body to use its internal balance and stabilization mechanisms. |
| What is the main goal of balance training? | To continually increase the client’s awareness of their limit of stability |
| Which of the following exercises is appropriate for entry-level balance training? | Single-leg lift and chop |
| What are the exercises included in the last progression of balance training designed to do? | Develop proper deceleration ability to move the body from a dynamic state to a controlled stationary position |
| When performing the single-leg hip rotation exercise, what will help to decrease stress to the spine and enhance control of the core? | Rotate through the hip of the balance leg rather than the spine |
| If a client cannot touch their foot when performing the single-leg squat touchdown, where should the personal trainer instruct them to reach first? | the knee |
| Which sense provides information about movement of the head in space? | Vestibular system |
| What is shortest time period per day that balance training should be conducted 3 times per week for 4 weeks in order to improve both static and dynamic balance ability in children? | 10 minutes |
| Which sense provides information about changes in pressure on the skin, muscle length, and joint angles? | Somatosensory system |
| This term describes an unstable-but-controlled environment used to improve someone's static, semi-dynamic, and dynamic balance. | Proprioceptively enriched |
| It is most important to improve balance in this population to decrease their fear of falling. | older indivisuals |
| Asking a client to balance on an unstable surface while barefoot would challenge which system? | Somatosensory system |
| Which of the following types of balance occurs when an individual seeks to maintain postural control within a stationary limit of stability but with a moving base of support? | semi-dynamic |
| Which of the following defines the limits of stability of the body? | The area within which an individual can move their center of gravity without changing the base of support |
Created by:
aliya pacheco