Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Clinicals ll Summer
Portable Abdomen
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| abnormal accumulation of serous fluid within the peritoneal cavity | Ascites |
| Additive or Destructive → Ascites? | Additive |
| Intestinal perforation or hole that can occur in the esophagus, stomach, small or large intestine, rectum, or gallbladder - causes air or obstruction to enter the GI Tract | GI perforation |
| GI Perforation → additive or destructive? | Air = destructive Obstruction = additive |
| Small Bowel Obstruction (Ileus) | a partial or complete blockage of the flow of intestinal contents, usually occuring in the Jejunum |
| How is a Small Bowel Obstruction in the Jejunum of the small Bowel visualized? | as a stack of coins lying on its side |
| Ileus (Small bowel obstruction) → additive or destructive? | Destructive |
| Clinical indications for the exam? | Possible bowel obstruction presence of gallstones or renal calculi in KUB foreign body localization Tumors/masses Tube placement |
| Sufficient exposure on an AP Abdomen is visualized by? | Sufficient mAs and Long Scale Contrast (kV) visualizing Psoas Muscle outlines, Lumbar Transverse Processes and abdominal ribs |
| No motion on an AP Abdomen evident by? | Sharp bony margins of the Ribs and all gas margins appear sharp |
| Largest solid organ in the body | Liver |
| function of the Liver | receives digested nutrients from the small intestine via the portal vein and detoxies for further use in the body |
| The Liver produces _______ which _______ breaks down fat | bile; mechanically |
| what are the 4 lobes of the Liver and where are they located? | Left lobe (left side), right lobe (right side), Caudate lobe (middle superior portion), Quadrate lobe (middle inferior portion) |
| What quadrant is the Liver located in? | RUQ |
| Divides the Liver into right and left lobes and attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall | Falciform Ligament |
| What does the Falciform Ligament do? | Divides the Liver into right and left lobes and attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall |
| Pear shaped organ | Gallbladder |
| What quadrant is the Gallbladder located in? | RUQ |
| What does the Gallbladder consist of? | Fundus, Body, Neck, Cystic Duct |
| What is the function of the Gallbladder? | stores bile received from the liver via the Common Hepatic Ducts |
| Vessels of the Biliary Tree from distal to proximal: | Right and Left Hepatic Ducts, Common Hepatic Duct, Cystic Duct, Common Bile Duct, Pancreatic Duct (Duct of Wirsung) |
| What mechanically breaks down fat? | bile |
| Where the common bile duct enters the descending duodenum? | Ampulla of Vater |
| Muscle that controls the flow of bile into the descending duodenum? | Sphincter of Oddi |
| Lies within the C-Loop of the Duodenum? | Head of the Pancreas |
| Where is the Pancreas located? | Retroperitoneal |
| The pancreas consists of? | Head, Neck, body, Tail |
| The Pancreas has both a _______ and ______. | endocrine (ductless); exocrine (having a duct) |
| What is the Endocrine portion of the Pancreas responsible for? | producing insulin through the islets of langerhorns to control glucose levels in the body |
| What is the Exocrine portion of the Pancreas responsible for? | produces enzymes which chemically break down fats |
| Pancreatic enzymes travel to the descending duodenum via? | Pancreatic Duct (duct of wirsung) |
| Most proximal portion of the small intestine? | Duodenum |
| shortest segment of the small intestine? | duodenum |
| Unique characteristic of the Duodenum? | forms a c-shape loop that the head of the pancreas lies within called the romance of the abdomen |
| superior portion of the duodenum? | duodenal bulb |
| what does the descending duodenum receive? | the common bile duct and pancreatic duct |
| The duodenojejunal junction is suspended by what? | Angle of Treitz |
| What forms the duodenojejunal junction of the Duodenum? | Where the ascending duodenum joins with the Jejunum |
| where is the duodenum located? | retroperitoneal |
| what are the 4 parts of the duodenum? | Duodenal Bulb, descending duodenum, transverse or horizontal duodenum, and ascending duodenum |
| Xiphoid Process | T9-T10 |
| used to locate Midsagittal and Superior anterior portion of the Diaphragm - Superior most portion of the Abdomen | Xiphoid Process |
| Iliac Crest | L4-L5 |
| CR is directed here for most AP Projections of the Abdomen | Iliac Crest |
| ASIS | S1-S2 |
| Secondary positioning landmark for the abdomen | ASIS |
| SID for a routine abdomen? | 40 inches |
| The routine AP Abdomen Supine Recumbent is taken on what breathing instruction? | Expiration |
| How is the IR placed for a routine Abdomen? | 14x17 lengthwise (or crosswise for the Tshot if necessary to include all anatomy |
| What should be included superior and inferior on an AP Abdomen? | From the diaphragm to Symphysis Pubis |
| chole refers to? | Biliary System |
| Cysto refers to? | Gallbladder |
| Angio refers to? | Bile Ducts |
| 3 projections performed for an abdomen series? | AP Supine, AP - Upright to include Diaphragm, AP - Upright to include Symphysis Pubis |
| Purpose of the abdomen series? | to evaluate air/fluid levels in the abdomen, rule out free air in the peritoneum caused by bowel perforation, and to rule out a small or large bowel obstruction |
| Highest point of the abdomen free air will rise? | above the liver, below the right hemidiaphragm |
| What is an Adynamic bowel obstruction due to? | lack of peristalsis or lack of voluntary movement which could be due to an obstruction (Ileus), surgery complications, medications or narcotics |
| What is a mechanical bowel obstruction due to? | adhesions, crohns, colon cancer, volvulus, or intussusception |
| ________ from the Pancreas _______ break down fat | enzymes, chemically |
| Abdominal Cavity Structures: | Snake in the Grass, Snake in the Grass, GASP, K Stomach, Large intestine, small intestine, Liver, Gallbladder, Adrenal Glands, Spleen, pancreas, kidney |
| Intraperitoneal structures (within the peritoneum) | "Lets Get Super Soakers Just In Case They Squirt Cats IN the yard" Liver, Gallbladder, Spleen, Stomach, Jejunum, Ileum, Cecum, Transverse and Sigmoid Colon |
| Retroperitoneal Structures (behind the peritoneum) | "PU KID your Ascending and Descending Colon Reeks, AAA" Pancreas, Ureters, Kidneys, Inferior Vena Cava, Duodenum, Ascending and Descending Colon, Proximal Rectum, Abdominal Aorta, Adrenal Glands |
| Infraperitoneal Structures | "Just DUR" Distal Rectum, Urinary Bladder, Reproductive Organs |
| Structures of the Large Intestine from Proximal to Distal: | Cecum - ascending colon, right colic hepatic flexure, transverse colon, left colic splenic flexure, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, anus |
| Longitudinal bands that pull the large intestine into pouches | Tenia Coli |
| Pouches of the Large Intestine | Haustra |
| Functions of the Large Intestine? | Absorption of water and vitamin k, and the elimination of gas and fecal matter produced in the process of digestion |
| how much of the small intestine is occupied by the jejunum? | 2/5ths |
| function of the Jejunum? | the absorption of digested nutrients into the bloodstream |
| Quadrant location of the Jejunum of the small intestine? | upper and lower quadrants |
| Finger like projections that line the Jejunum? | Microvilli |
| function of the microvilli of the jejunum? | absorb digested particles through blood capillaries which eventually lead to the portal vein |
| What brings nutrients from the jejunum of the small intestine to the liver for further detoxification before the blood enters the circulatory system for use in the body? | Portal Vein |
| The distal or third portion of the small intestine? | Ileum |
| Quadrant location of the Ileum? | Right Lower Quadrant |
| Function of the Ileum? | serves as a passageway for waste material into the large intestine |
| Where does the Ileum end? | Terminal Ileum with its junction with the cecum of the large intestine |
| The muscular valve that controls the flow of intestinal contents between the Ileum and Cecum? | Ileocecal Valve |
| three portions of the small intestine? | duodenum, jejunum, ileum |
| The most expanded portion of the digestive system? | Stomach |
| What shape is the stomach? | J shaped |
| The internal lining of the stomach is thrown into numerous longitudinal folds called what? | Rugae |
| Function of the stomach? | serves as a mixing bowl that forms partially digested food into a liquid mass |
| partially digested food of the stomach forms into a liquid mass called what? | chyme |
| three main portions of the stomach? | Fundus, body, and pylorus |
| The body of the stomach is created by which two curvatures? | Greater and lesser curvatures |
| The most distal portion of the stomach? | pylorus |
| The portion of the stomach leading from the body to the pyloric canal? | pyloric antrum |
| The pyloric canal of the stomach ends in a circular muscle called the what? | pyloric sphincter |
| Quadrant location of the stomach? | left upper quadrant |
| advantages of pa over ap abdomen | pa abdomen reduces exposure to the gonads and thyroid gland |
Created by:
teresachristensen
Popular Radiology sets