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Nervous System unit
Nervous System 5 chapter test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The autonomic nervous system consists of the: | Visceral, sympathetic, and parasympathetic |
| A neuron that trasmits a nerve impulse toward the CNS is called: | afferent |
| The largest and most numerous types of neuroglia are: | astrocyte |
| The part of the nervous system that transmits impulses from CNS to skeletal muscle: | efferent, or Somatic nervous system |
| The myelin sheat is formed by: | oigodendrocytes and schwann cells |
| Nissl bodies are comparable to: | ribosomes |
| A neuron that has only one axon but several dendrites is: | multipolar |
| A reflex arc: | if a three-nueron arc, contains afferent neuron, interneuron, efferent neuron |
| A reflex arc: | can be a two-neuron arc, containing afferent and efferent neuron |
| A reflex arc | is a signal conduction route from receptors to CNS to effectors |
| Multipolar neurons have: | multiple dendrites and one axon |
| Fascicles are held together by a connective tissue layer called: | perineurium |
| Gray matter in the brain and spinal cord consists primarily of: | cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers |
| A synaptic knob would be located on: | terminal end of axon |
| Excitatory neurotransmitters are most likely to: | conduct impulses |
| When current leaps across an insulating myelin sheat from node to node, the type of impluse conduction is called: | saltitory conduction |
| What are the main chemical classes of neurotransmitters: | acetycholine, amine, amino acids, other small molecules |
| Serotonin is an example of an: | amine, monoamie |
| Neurotransmitters are released in a synapse and bind to: | receptor or binding site |
| Dendrites conduct impulses: | toward the cell body |
| White matter in the CNS consists of | cell bodies and myelinated fibers |
| Compared to the outside of the neuron, the inside has a | negative charge |
| Dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine are classified as: | Catecholamines |
| Astrocytes attach to: | both neurons and blood capillaries |
| Schwann cells have a similar function in the PN as __ in the CNS. | oligodendrocytes |
| The nervous system can be divided into: | CNS and PNS, afferent and efferent, or somatic and autonomic |
| The other term for cell body is | soma or perikaryon |
| The layer of the meninges that serves as the inner periosteum of the cranial bone: | dura mater |
| The innermost layer of the meninges is: | pia mater |
| Cerebrospinal fluid is found in all except: | subdural space |
| If the ventral nerve root of the spinal nerve were destroyed, a person would lose: | movement |
| IF the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal nerve were destroyed, a person would lose: | feeling |
| The brain has __ major divisions: | 6 |
| The brainstem includes: | medulla oblongata, midbrains, pons |
| The pyramids are formed in the: | medulla oblongata |
| The vomiting reflex is mediated by the: | medulla oblongata |
| The part of the brain that receives impulses from the labyrinth of the ear, and thus functions in the maintenance of equilibrium, is the: | cerebellum |
| Functions of the hypothalamus: | Integration of many autonomic reflexes, hormona functions, involved in arousal, appetite, thermoregulation |
| The part of the brain that can influence the rlease of hormones or the endocrine system is: | hypothalamus |
| The part of the cerebrum associated with anger, fear, and sorrow: | cerebrum's limbic system |
| The type of brain waves associated with deep sleep: | delta |
| A person who is awake, alert, and attentive would have a predominance of __ brain waves | Beta |
| A lesion in the cerebral cortex might result in: | alzheimers |
| The falx cerebelli separates: | cerebellum and cerebrum |
| The cerebrospinal fluid resides in the: | subarachnoid |
| The layer of the meninges that adheres to the outer surface of the brain is the: | dura mater |
| The white matter of the cerebellum is called: | arborvita |
| The body's biological clock is controlled by the: | pineal gland |
| The foramen magnum is the structure that divides: | the brain and spinal cord? |
| The central section of the cerebellum is called: | vernix |
| The epidural space is: | immediately outside the dura mater but inside the bony coverngs of the spinal cord; is a supporting cushion of fat and other connective tissues; in the brain, is continuous with the periostieum on the inside of the face of the cranial bones. |
| Parts of the spinal cord: | dorsal nerve root, ventral nerve root, spinal nerve, conus medullaris, anterior median fissure, posterior median sulcus, cauda equina, spinal tracts |
| Cranial nerves wih a "motor" function: | oculomotor, trochlear, abducens, accessory, hypoglossal |
| The cervical plexus: | includes C1-C5, innervate neck, upper shoulders, and part of head, and diaphragm. |
| The sensory cranial nerves include: | olfactory, optic, vestibulocochlear |
| The cranial nerve that arises from both the brain and spinal cord: | accessory nerve |
| Damage to the __ neve could make the diaphragm unable to function: | phrenic nerve |
| Nerves that innervate the floor of the pelvis cavity and some of the suround areas: | sacral plexus |
| The autonomic nervous system functions chiefly in the: | organs |
| Sympathetic responses generally have widespread effects on the body because: | 1 sympathetic preganglionic neuron synapses with many postganglionic neurons |
| Parasympathetic neuron cell bodies are located in: | nuclie in brainstem or gray columns of sacral cord |
| Which part of the vertebral column has one more pair of nerves coming from it than it has vertebra: | ?? |
| Functions eye movement: | oculmotor, trochlear, abducens |
| Afferent nerves or fibers are found: | ?? |
| The spinal ganglion can be found on the: | dorsal root |
| By age 2 years in a normal infant, the stimulus that caused the Babinski reflex now causes: | toes go down |
| Pain that is perceived as superficial but is actually caused by underlying organ is called: | referred |
| Visceroceptors are located: | in organs |
| The somatic senses enable us to detec sesation such as | touch, temperature, pain |
| Chemoreceptors are most likely to be activity by: | carbon dioxide, noxious odors |
| The receptors responsible for sensing crude and persistent touch: | exteeroceptors, Mechanoreceptors |
| Free nerve endings respond to: | pain, itch, tempoerature, tickle, deflection |
| The olfactory tract carries impulses associatedion with | smell |
| There are _ openings into the middle ear. | 4 |
| Primary taste sensations: | sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami |
| The auditory ossicles include: | malleus, incus, stapes |
| Movement of hair cells I the organ of corti against the __ membrane can stimulate nerve impulse condition. | Basilar |
| The sense organs responsible for static equilibrium are located: | vestibule and semicircular canals of ear |
| The white of the eye is reffered to as the: | sclera |
| The function of the lacrimal apparatus is to: | secrete tears |
| Structure associated with hearing: | cochlear duct |
| A somatic sense: | touch, pain, temperature, proprioceptions |
| proprioceptors can be found in | skeletal muscles, joints and tendons |
| Pain receptors | A pain fibers for acute and fast; B pain fibers for chronic or slow |
| Taste buds can be found | mostly on papillae on tongue, but also on lining of mouth and soft palate |
| ___ do not contain taste buds | Filiform papillae |
| Sequence of auditory ossicles: | malleus, incus, stapes |
| Cmpared to nervous system, the regulatory effect of the endocrine system are | slow to appear but longer-lasting |
| General functions of neuroendocrine system: | communication, integration, control |
| Endocrine gland in the neck | Thyroid |
| Nonsteroid hormones | oxytocin, calcitonin, glucogon |
| Hormones may be: | steroids, peptides, and glycoproteins |
| Steroids are able to pass easily through a target cell's plasma membrane because: | they are lipid-soluble |
| The structure ferred to as the master gland is: | pituitary |
| An insufficient amount of somatotropic hormone during the growth years couuld result in: | dwarfism |
| Growth of the ovarian follicle occurs because of | FSH |
| Prolactin affects: | milk secretion |
| The neurohypophysis serves as a storage and release site for | oxytocin |
| Calcitonin: | raises blood calcium levels |
| Parathyroid hromone increases calcium absorption in the intestinesby activating | Vitamin D |
| The hormone that causes ejection of milk into the mammary ducts is: | prolactin |
| Secretion of __ is controlled mainly by the renin-angiotensin mechanism and blood potassium concentration. | aldosterone |
| The adrenal medulla secretes | epinephrine |
| Insulin: | lowers blood concentration of glycose, amino acids, and fatty acids; promotes metabolism of glucose by tissue cells, and is produced by beta cells |
| Hormones produced by the pancreatic islets affect he body's use of: | glucose |
| Human chorionic gonadotroin is produced by the: | placenta |
| Thymosin is a hormone that plays a role in: | immunity |
| Beta receptors bind with: | norepinephrine smooth muscle |
Created by:
lsleicht
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