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section 3 review
section3 test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which heart chamber receives oxygenated blood and pumps it to the body? | the left ventricle |
| Left atrium | The left atrium gathers oxygenated blood coming to the heart from the lungs. |
| The water-soluble vitamins include which vitamins? | Vitamin C and the B complex vitamins |
| Approximately what percentage of the human body (in male and female adults) is comprised of water? | 0.6% |
| What are the three types of muscles in the body? | Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth |
| Which of the following muscle groups work both eccentrically and concentrically in the sagittal plane during a squat? | quadriceps |
| Which of the following protein structures is important for muscular contractions by providing a binding site? | myosin |
| Which of the following statements would be accurate with regard to muscle force and velocity during an eccentric muscle action? | As the contraction velocity increases the ability to develop force also increases. |
| Which vitamin has an increased risk of causing toxicity? | vitamin A |
| What is acidosis in muscle? | decrease in the muscle pH |
| Food in the stomach is processed and then passes into what anatomical structure? | small intestine |
| Which of the following blood pressure values would be classified as normal according to the American Heart Association? | Systolic <120 and diastolic <80 |
| In which of the following pairs are both foods considered to be allergens? | dairy and shellfish |
| Which type of lipids are considered to be heart-healthy and associated with reduced inflammation? | Omega-3 fatty acids |
| In order to optimally load muscle during the eccentric phase, the fitness professional should recommend which of the following? | Lower the weight more slowly to increase time under tension |
| What anatomical heart structure is referred to as "the pacemaker of the heart"? | Sinoatrial node |
| Which of the following effects may occur if the amortization phase of a plyometric exercise is prolonged? | Stored energy will dissipate, and the unloading phase will be less powerful. |
| Before carbohydrates, fat, or protein can enter the citric acid cycle (CAC), they need to be converted to what common molecule? | acetyl CoA |
| At what age is total peak bone mass reached? | 30 |
| Pronation of the foot describes what multiplanar movements? | Eversion, dorsiflexion, and ankle abduction |
| What best describes the all-or-nothing principle? | how a motor unit either maximally contracts or does not contract at all |
| What is the best definition of complex carbohydrates? | Carbohydrates that are comprised of polysaccharides and that contain both fiber and starch |
| If someone engages in a short, intense burst of activity lasting less than 30 seconds, which energy system will contribute the most to ATP production? | The ATP-PC system |
| Food is composed of which three compounds? | carbs, fats, and proteins |
| Which is very important as a prenatal vitamin? | folic acid |
| Which of the following would be a helpful and sustainable strategy for achieving a moderate calorie deficit for fat loss? | Replacing high-calorie foods with leaner substitutes |
| Which of the following would be the recommended source of hydration after 40 to 45 minutes of exercise with minimal perspiration? | water |
| What is the name for projections protruding from the bone to which tendons and ligaments attach? | Processes |
| Which endocrine gland serves as a communication channel between the brain and pituitary gland? | Hypothalamus |
| Vitamin and mineral supplements are which kind of supplements? | health suppliments |
| What does the electron transport chain (ETC) do? | electrons pass through in a series of redox reactions, and release energy. The energy released forms a proton gradient, which is used in chemiosmosis to make a large amount of ATP by the protein ATP-synthase |
| Which part of a cell is responsible for using nutrients to create energy for the cell? | mitochondria |
| Weight-bearing exercise helps strengthen bones through what process? | remodeling |
| Movement represents the integrated functioning of which three main body systems? | Muscular, nervous, and skeletal |
| What best describes an essential amino acid? | An amino acid that must be obtained via diet, as it is not produced by the body |
| The deep longitudinal subsystem includes which of the following muscle groups? | hamstrings and erector spinae |
| The cardiovascular and respiratory systems work together to provide the body with what gas? | oxygen |
| What advice would enable a client to breathe properly? | Sit upright and slowly breathe in through your nose while allowing your stomach to expand. |
| Which of the following is a major nutritional contributor to muscle protein synthesis? | The essential amino acids |
| What is the correct order of segments for the spine, starting at the top? | Cervical, thoracic, and lumbar |
| How can basal metabolic rate (BMR) best be defined? | The amount of energy required to maintain the body at rest |
| Carbohydrate intake prior to intense or long-duration exercise serves which of the following functions? | It replenishes glycogen stores and provides adequate fuel for performance. |
| A client asks you how she could lose fat as quickly as possible for a beach vacation next weekend. Which of the following is the best way to respond to her question? | Explain that fat loss takes time and is best achieved with a moderate calorie deficit sustained over a period of time. Rapid weight loss usually results in loss of water weight and lean muscle mass, and it is not advisable. |
Created by:
aliya pacheco