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9thSemTest23
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Law of Conservation of Energy | the law that states that energy is neither created nor destroyed |
| potential energy | the energy of position or shape |
| kinetic energy | the energy of motion |
| mechanical energy | the total energy of motion and position of an object |
| energy | the ability to do work |
| 1/2 X m X v^2 | Kinetic Energy formula |
| m X g X h | Potential Energy formula |
| PE + KE | Mechanical Energy formula |
| mass and velocity | two factors influence the amount of Kinetic Energy of an object |
| mass and height | two factors influence the amount of Potential Energy of an object |
| conduction | the transfer of heat from a warmer object to a cooler object through direct contact |
| convection | The transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid |
| convection current | a current caused by the rising of heated fluid and sinking of cooled fluid |
| radiation | the transfer of heat through electromagnetic rays |
| transverse wave | waves that oscillate perpendicular to the direction of the motion |
| crest | the high point of a wave |
| trough | the low point of a wave |
| amplitude | one half the distance between a waves high point and low point |
| wavelength | measured from a point on one wave to the same point on the next wave |
| frequency | the number of waves that pass a fixed point in a given unit of time |
| work | The action that results when a force causes an object to move in the direction of the force |
| power | the rate at which work is done |
| machine | a device that helps make work easier by changing the size or direction (or both) of a force |
| Work input | The work you do on a machine |
| Work output | The work done by the machine |
| Mechanical advantage | a number that tells how many times a machine multiplies force (no units) |
| Mechanical Efficiency | is a comparison of a machine's work output with the work input (expressed as a percentage) |
| Simple machine | the six machines from which all other machines are constructed |
| Compound machine | a machine that is made of two or more simple machines |
| levers | reduces the amount of effort required to lift something |
| First-class | The fulcrum is somewhere in the middle, and the load and effort are on each side of the fulcrum |
| Second-class | The fulcrum is to one side, the load is in the middle, and the effort is on the other side |
| Third-class | The fulcrum is to one side, the effort is in the middle, and the load is on the other side |
| Inclined planes | reduces the amount of effort required by increasing the work's distance |
| wedges | a moveable inclined plane and it reduces the amount of work required to split or lift objects |
| screws | a wedge (an inclined plane) wrapped around a shaft or post |
| Wheel and axel | a simple machine consisting of two circular objects of different sizes; the wheel is the larger of the two circular objects |
| pulleys | a simple machine consisting of a grooved wheel that holds a rope or a cable |
| force X distance | work formula |
| joules | units of work |
| work/time | power formula |
| watts | unit for power |
| force output/force input | mechanical advantage formula |
| work output/work input | mechanical efficiency formula |
| gravity | the force that attracts masses together |
| weight | The measurement of the force of gravity on an object that has mass. |
| mass | the amount of matter in an object |
| friction | the force that opposes movement between touching surfaces and always acts against the direction of motion. |
| static friction | the force of friction between surfaces not in motion |
| sliding friction | friction that occurs when one solid surface slides over another |
| rolling friction | the friction between surfaces, when an object, such as a wheel or a ball, rolls freely over a surface. |
| fluid friction | the friction that occurs as an object moves through a fluid |
| terminal velocity | the speed at which the force of gravity equals air resistance |
| magnet | any material that attracts iron or materials containing iron |
| electric force | the attractive force between opposite charges and the repulsive force between like charges |
| centripetal force | the force that causes objects to have circular motion |
| buoyancy | an upward force exerted by a fluid onto an object that is |
| immersed in the fluid. | |
| force of gravity and mass of the object | What are two things that weight depends on? |
| 9.8 m/s2 | acceleration due to gravity on earth |
| Centripetal force always points toward the _______ of the circular path of motion. | center |
| distance | The force of gravity decreases as the _________ between masses increase. |
| In magnetic and electric forces, likes _______ and opposite _______. | repel, attract |
| weight = | mass x gravity |
Created by:
Ms. Greenup
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