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PhilDef
Definitions from Philosophy class
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Vagueness | unknown whether phrase is applicable not based on lack of knowledge but because of "boarderline cases" |
| Ambiguity | Phrase with two or more distinct meanings; situation does not specify which meaning is intended |
| Definiendum | Phrase, word, or symbol being defined |
| Definiens | Definition or that which is used to explain the prhase, word, or symbol in question |
| Denotation | Dictionary definition of a term |
| Reportive | connotative meaning of the word; how people actually use it; can be true or false |
| Stipulative | A meaning is assigned to a word; can be a new meaning given to a previously used word or a new word used to specifically describe something |
| Enumerative | defining by giving a list of examples |
| Ostensive | Pointing to something and saying "that, is a 'blank'" |
| Operational | determines whether a phrase is correctly applied (very much like reportive, watch out); "X has property if and only if Y is the case" |
| Necessary | The individual attributes that are required to describe the example |
| Sufficient | All of the necessary conditions required to dertermine whether an object has a particular concept |
| Cluster Concept | Relevent, but not always necessary conditions used to describe a particular subject |
| Ad Hominem Abusive | Attacks speaker's character, background, associates, or competence |
| Ad Hominem Genetic | Attacks origin of person's beliefs or viewpoint |
| Ad Hominem Cicumstantial | Attacks person's interest in having others accept their position |
| Ad Hominem You-Too | Attacks the fact that the speaker does not practice what they are preaching |
| Appeal to Tradition | Claims a belief or practice should not be altered simply because it "has always been that way" |
| Appeal to Ignorance | If X isn't proven, it's false; if X isn't disproven, it's true |
| Slippery Slope | X cannot happen because horrible things Y Z and Q will happen because of it, ending in disaster. |
| Begging the Question | An argument that just restates its own conclusion, instead of actually giving a premise |
| False Dilemma | Only a limited number of conclusions are given, assuming one other the other must be true, and other possible conclusions are ignored |
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WolfCalledTurtle
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