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FI-106
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Benchmark | Something that provides basis for comparison or evaluation |
| Budget | An estimate of income and expense for a specific period of time |
| Continuous budget | See rolling budget |
| Expense | The money that a business spends |
| Fiscal year | The 12 month period chosen by a business as its operating year that may or may not coincide with the calendar year |
| Income | The money received by resource owners and by producers for supplying good and services to consumers |
| Interrelated | Having an effect on or depending upon one another |
| Manufacturer | A type of producer that changes the shape or forms of materials so that they will be useful to consumers |
| Master budget | The overall budget of a company, made up of information from specialized budgets that are generated by individual departments |
| Retailer | A business that buys consumer goods or services and sells them to the ultimate consumer |
| Rolling budget | Also called a continuous budget, a rolling budget replaces each passing month with a new month added to the end of the budget, so that there is always a year long budget in place |
| Sales forecast | A prediction of future sales over a specific period of time |
| Service business | A type of business that performs intangible activities that satisfy the wants of consumers or industrial users |
| Specialized budget | A budget that reflects a particular department or activity of a company; specialized budgets are interrelated, often relying on one another for estimates of future activity |
| Variance | The difference between a budgeted amount and an actual amount |
| Zero-based budgeting | A method of budgeting that requires a manager to demonstrate the need for every expense instead of relying on figures from previous period; in effect, each new budget begins at zero |