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PSY105 Modules 26-27
PSY 105 Modules 26-27: Thinking and Language
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cognition | all the processes in thinking, knowing, memory and communication |
| metacognition | "thinking about thinking" |
| concepts | grouping objects/ideas together in cohesive whole |
| prototype | idea about essence of something |
| algorithms | strict set of rules that are used to systematically solve a problem |
| heuristics | mental shortcuts to understand a problem |
| insight | when a sudden realization/solution has arrived |
| Intuition | what we "feel" is right |
| representative heuristic | mental shortcut based on comparing something to existing prototypes or categories |
| availability heuristic | mental shortcut based on "availability" of information in memory. |
| Belief perseverance | Clinging to a belief despite evidence to the contrary |
| framing | how something is phrased |
| expertise | knowledge base that serves as foundation for looking at things in creative ways |
| Intrinsic motivation | drive to pursue something for the sake of doing it and not for external reward |
| Phonemes | smallest units of sound in particular language |
| morphemes | smallest units of language that have meaning |
| grammar | rules for speaking and writing language |
| semantics | deriving meaning from sounds |
| syntax | ordering words into sentence |
| Receptive language | ability to discern language that we hear |
| productive language | ability to produce language by speaking or singing words |
| Aphasia | impairment in language ability |
| Broca's area | region of left frontal lobe that is involved in speech |
| Wernicke's area | region of left temporal lobe that is involved in understanding language |
| Linguistic determinism | idea that language determines how we think |
| linguistic relativism | idea the language influences how we think. |