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PSY105 Modules 17-19
PSY 105 Modules 17-19: Sensation and Perception
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is sensation? | detection of physical stimuli by sense organs which is relayed to the brain for processing |
| What is perception? | The brain's interpretation of that information. We often assume that our senses are always trustworthy. |
| Naïve realism is: | The misplace trust in out perceptions. |
| What are sensory receptors? | Specialized cells that detect and convert external stimuli into electrical signals in a process called transduction |
| What is absolute threshold? | the point at which stimuli is barely detectable |
| What is subliminal? | Stimuli that is below absolute threshold more than half the time. |
| What is difference threshold? | the minimum change in intensity of a stimulus that we can detect with our senses. |
| What is Weber's law? | The more intense the stimulus, the greater the change need to be to be detected. |
| Explain sensory adaptation | Diminished sensitiveity to a constant stimuli |
| What is synesthesia? | Condition in which an individual who has a cross-modal processing of sensory information (sees color when they hear music) |
| explain the McGurk effect | "cross-talk" between areas. visual system informs our auditory system, altering out perception of sound |
| What wave lenght do we see visible light | ~400-700 nanometers |
| What is the sclera? | White portion of eye |
| What is the cornea? | Clear dome covering the colored iris. Focuses light but is fixed in shape |
| where does light pass through | the pupil (center of iris), then passes through the lens (clear disc that is flexible. |
| What is the retina? | thin membrane of light receptor cells lining the interior of the eye |
| What are the rods? | allow us to see basic forms. Requires little light to function. |
| What are cones? | Require more light to function. Allow us to see in color and detect fine detail |
| What is the blind spot? | Where no receptor cells are located. |
| What is the fovea centralis? | responsible for visible sharpness. |
| What do feature detector cells do | Distinguish lines and edges |
| Explain trichromatic theory | Everything we see in terms of color can be broken down to 3 main colors: blue green red |
| color blindness is caused by: | reduced number of certain kind of cone cell |
| Explain opponent process theory | We perceive colors as the result of 3 pairs of opponent cells: red/green, blue/yellow or black/white |
| What are ossicles? | 3 tiny bones |
| What is the cochlea? | a spiral-shaped bony structure filled with viscous fluid. |
| Explain place theory | Every frequency stimulates a particular area on the basilar membrane, kinda like keys on a piano. |
| Explain frequency theory | the rate at which neurons fire reproduced the exact pitch that is heard. (neurons fire at 100Hz) |
| What is olfaction? | Process of smelling |
| What is Gustation? | Process of tasting |
| What are the 5 tastes that we detect? | Sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and umami |
| Which system is responsible for our sensation of touch and pain? | Somatosensory system |
| Explain proprioception | Our sense of body positioning. |
| What is our vestibular sense? | Our equilibrium/balance. |
| Explain the gate control model of pain | some pain signals are blocked from consciousness. |
| Proxmitiy | perceiving objects that are close to one another as unified wholes |
| similarity | similar objects as comprising a whole |
| continuity | able to perceive whole objects, even when some of an object is partially obscured from view |
| closure | when we are missing information of an object, we fill it in |
| symmetry | perceive symmetrically arranged objects as wholes more often than those that aren't |
| figure-ground | tend to focus on the foreground of our visual field rather than the back ground. |
| Explain depth perception | the ability to see 3D spatial relationships. |
Created by:
eneill
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