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PSY 105 Modules 7-9
PSY 105 Modules 7-9 Consciousness and the Two-Track Mind
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is our Consciousness | Our subjective awareness of ourselves and our surroundings |
| What is hypnosis | The increase in lower frequency (slow) brain waves associated with dreaming and sleep; decrease in higher frequency brain waves associate with full wakefulness. |
| Define cognitive neuroscience | The study of how brain activity is linked to mental processes |
| Define selective attention | Our ability to focus attention on a single aspect of our awareness |
| What is the Cocktail party effect? | Our ability to attend to a single voice amidst many voices and other loud, ambient noise. Our brains tune into what we deem important. |
| Define inattentional blindness | Failure to notice visual stimuli that are outside of where our attention is being focused (Ex; running a stop light because you were looking at a guy holding a sign) |
| Define inattentional numbness | Failure to notice tactile stimuli that is outside of focused attention. (Ex; you miss an important phone call during a fire alarm, so you didn't notice the vibration) |
| Define change blindness | Failure to notice a significant change in the environment when attention is distracted (Ex; walking down a familiar street, and not recognizing a new building, even though you saw it being built) |
| Explain dual processing | The brain's capability of carrying out several tasks (not require conscious attention) simultaneously. (Ex: listening to music while folding laundry) |
| Explain the term blindsight | A condition in which someone is not aware of visual stimuli but is able to carry out tasks as though they can |
| What is parallel processing | (unconscious) mental processes that occur simultaneously (Ex: having a conversation while cooking dinner) |
| What is sequential processing | (Conscious) mental processes that require focused attention, such as learning a new skill. |
| What is the circadian rhythm? | The "biological clock" (24 hour schedule) |
| Waking beta waves | Fully aroused state (conscious) |
| Waking alpha waves | Very relaxed but still conscious |
| Non-REM-1 waves | Brief stage that occurs immediately following the loss of consciousness. intense visual and/or sensory experiences (Ex; falling out of bed) |
| Non-REM-2-waves | More relaxed state of sleep, normally lasts 20 minutes. Characterized by periodic, rapid bursts of brain activity called sleep spindles, associated with memory consolidation. |
| Non-REM-3 (delta) waves | The deepest stage of sleep (30 minutes long) |
| REM (rapid eye movement) wave | Stage of sleep during which dreams occur. Lasts about 10 minutes. Brain activity during this stage resembles that of wakefulness in many ways. |
| REM sleep is also called this | Paradoxical |
| True or False: The motor cortex is not active during REM sleep. Why or why not. | False, the motor cortex is active during REM sleep, but the brainstem does not allow the signals to reach muscles. |
| What happens when people are sleep deprived? (what is REM rebound) | the brain increases REM sleep until it has caught up |
| What is manifest content | What the dream was about |
| What is latent content | What the dream really represents |
| Explain activation-synthesis theory | a way to make sense of random neural activity that occurs during sleep. |
| What are psychoactive drugs | substance that later consciousness, perception and mood |
| What are depressants (give 3 examples) | drugs that calm the nervous system and depress body functions (alcohol, heroin and morphine) |
| What are stimulants (give 3 examples) | drugs that elevate the nervous system and accelerate body functions (nicotine, cocaine, amphetamine-Adderall) |
| What are hallucinogens (give 3 examples) | drugs that dramatically distort perceptions and produce extraordinary sensory experiences (LSD, THC, peyote) |
| Define psychedelic | mind manifesting |
| What are all the biological influences? | Genetics. twin studies (when one twin has a substance abuse problem, the other is more likely to have it as well). Adoption studies (individuals w/ biological parents w/ drug abuse are 2x likely) |
| What are all the psychological and sociocultural Influences? | Insecure attachment (those w/ more secure attachment to caregivers are less likely to have substance use problems), feeling that life is meaningless, depression, anxiety, distress, trauma, social pressure, religion (less likely) |
Created by:
eneill
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