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Module 13

Section 6: Drug-food interactions

QuestionAnswer
Three ways in which foods affect how medications work in the body Slow digestion Alter the pH of the stomach Change the bacterial flora of the intestines
If a medication label states "Take on an empty stomach," when can the medication be given? Two hours after the last food was ingested.
Why are antacids, proton pump inhibitors, and H2 antagonists taken on an empty stomach? Food is also an antacid, so the medications will not work as well.
Why should fluoroquinolones not be taken with dairy products? Dairy products can bind to and inactivate the mediations.
Why are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) generally taken with food? To prevent irritation of the stomach wall.
What is the effect of taking an anticholinergic medication with alcohol? Increased sedation
What is the effect of drinking alcohol with disulfiram, a medication used to treat alcohol use disorder? Severe nausea and vomiting due to an inability to digest the alcohol.
Medications with similar effects as disulfiram if taken with alcohol Cephalosporins Chloral hydrate Metronidazole
Why should patients limit alcohol intake with taking acetaminophen? Increased risk of liver damage
What characteristic of grapefruit juice makes it interact with several medications? Grapefruit juice is a CYP450 inhibitor, so it increases the level of medications metabolized by CYP450.
Created by: Lane.Wendy
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