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Chapter 7 Cognition
thinking, intelligence, and language
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mental activity that goes in the brain when a person is processing information is called_______. | Thinking |
| Concepts that are formed as a result of everyday experience, which are not always well defined, are known as _______ concepts. | Natural |
| On a popular quiz show, one contestant, when asked to "name a type of vehicle," replied "wheelchair!" The audience groaned, because they knew the contestant should have picked a vehicle that was closer to a __ for vehicles to match the audience's response | Prototype |
| Algorithms are a type of _________ | Mechanical solution |
| The _______ heuristic can be used to create and maintain stereotypes. | Representative |
| Which of the following artificial intelligence programs was able to beat world chess champion Garry Kasparov? | Deep Blue |
| When people persist in trying to solve a problem the same way they have always gone about solving problems, they have developed ______. | A mental set. |
| Which of the following questions would be more likely to produce divergent thinking? | "How many uses can you think of for a stapler?" |
| Which of the following is not part of the definition of intelligence? | Ability to be creative |
| In Terman's study of gifted children, social and behavioral problems were found only in those _________. | With IQs of 180 or higher in childhood |
| According to Sternberg, "street smarts" is another way of talking about what kind of intelligence? | Practical |
| Which type of intelligence, according to Sternberg, would most likely be measured by traditional intelligence tests? | Analytical |
| Goleman has proposed that ________ intelligence is a more powerful influence on success in life than other forms of intelligence. | Emotional |
| Keneisha is only 11 years old, but she can answer questions that most 15-year-olds can answer. 15 is Keneisha's ______. | Mental age |
| Which of the following makes the Wechsler tests different from the Stanford-Binet? | The Wechsler provides several types of subscores in addition to one general score. |
| A test that gives similar scores for a person each time the person takes it is considered to be a _________ test. | Reliable |
| When a test allows a person from one particular background to have an unfair advantage over persons from other backgrounds, it is called, ___________. | Culturally biased. |
| In familial retardation, the degree of retardation is typically __________. | Mild |
| Denny is mildly retarded. His mother drank heavily while pregnant with him. Denny most likely suffers from ______. | Fetal Alcohol Syndrome |
| The current estimate of heritability of intelligence is _________. | 0.50 |
| The basic units of sound are called ________. | Phonemes |
| The linguistic relativity hypothesis states that _______. | Language shapes thoughts |
| Which of the following is not one of the animals that has been taught to use language with some success? | Dog |
| State which of the following words is the most likely answer to the cryptic clue: "part of a vehicle's engine mistakenly ate ink." | Intake |
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