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General Terminology
Pharmacy 200
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| absorption | the process of absorbing or of being absorbed |
| addiction | compulsive physiological need for and use of a habit-forming substance characterized by tolerance and by well-defined physiological symptoms upon withdrawal |
| agonist | a chemical substance (as a drug) capable of combining with a receptor on a cell and initiating the same reaction or activity typically produced by the binding of an endogenous substance |
| antagonist | a chemical that acts within the body to reduce the physiological activity of another chemical substance (as an opiate) |
| blood-brain barrier | a naturally occurring barrier created by the modification of brain capillaries that prevents many substances from leaving the blood and crossing the capillary walls into the brain tissues |
| brand name | |
| chemical name | |
| class name | |
| distribution | the pattern of branching and termination of a ramifying anatomical structure (as a nerve or artery) |
| dose | the measured quantity of a therapeutic agent to be taken at one time |
| dose response relationship | the change in effect on an organism caused by differing levels of exposure (or doses) to a stressor (usually a chemical) after a certain exposure time |
| ED50 | Median effective dose |
| efficacy | the maximum response achievable from a drug |
| elimination | clearance of a drug or other foreign agent from the body |
| generic name | The official nonproprietary name of a drug, under which it is licensed and identified by the manufacturer |
| half life | the time that a living body requires to eliminate one half the quantity of an administered substance (as a radioisotope) through its normal channels of elimination |
| LD50 value | Lethal Dose; The dose of a chemical or biological preparation that is likely to cause death. |
| maximum effect | |
| metabolism | the chemical changes in living cells by which energy is provided for vital processes and activities and new material is assimilated |
| pathophysiology | the functional changes that accompany a particular syndrome or disease |
| pharmacodynamics | a branch of pharmacology dealing with the reactions between drugs and living systems |
| pharmacokinetics | the characteristic interactions of a drug and the body in terms of its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion |
| pharmacology | the science of drugs including their origin, composition, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use, and toxicology |
| placebo | a usually pharmacologically inert preparation prescribed more for the mental relief of the patient than for its actual effect on a disorder |
| potency | chemical or medicinal strength or efficacy <a drug's potency> |
| receptor | a cellular entity (as a beta-receptor or alpha-receptor) that is a postulated intermediary between a chemical agent (as a neurohormone) acting on nervous tissue and the physiological or pharmacological response |
| sensitization | the process of becoming sensitive or hypersensitive (as to an antigen) |
| therapeautic index | a measure of the relative desirability of a drug for the attaining of a particular medical end that is usually expressed as the ratio of the largest dose producing no toxic symptoms to the smallest dose routinely producing cures |
| therapeautics | a branch of medical science dealing with the application of remedies to diseases <cancer therapeutics> |
| tolerance | the capacity of the body to endure or become less responsive to a substance (as a drug) or a physiological insult especially with repeated use or exposure <developed a tolerance to painkillers> |
| toxicology | a science that deals with poisons and their effect and with the problems involved (as clinical, industrial, or legal) |
Created by:
dkaur
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