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Music is universal, but in each culture
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Today, the greatest influence on music around the world is exerted by
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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Music is universal, but in each culture | music has a different meaning. |
| Today, the greatest influence on music around the world is exerted by | Western classical and popular music. |
| Which is the largest class of instruments in the world? | percussion |
| How did the focus of European music change after the Middle Ages? | Harmony began to take precedence over melody. |
| In many cultures, percussion is produced without instruments. Rhythmic sounds and complex rhythmic patterns, therefore, are made by | the hands and feet of the human body. |
| What are the three basic elements of music? | melody, rhythm, harmony |
| Which of the following is the slowest tempo indication? | largo |
| Which of these terms means to grow louder? | crescendo |
| The keynote of a piece of music is also known as its | tonic. |
| What is the most intuitive way of describing a melody? | by using the metaphor of light and dark |
| What does the 3/4 time signature indicate? | There are three beats in a measure, and the quarter note is equal to one beat. |
| If the horizontal placement of a note in musical notation corresponds to its placement in time, what does its vertical placement represent? | its pitch |
| What is the term for a long, self-contained unit of a larger work? | movement |
| In which form would a theme be presented before being repeated with slight changes? | theme and variations |
| What is the lowest type of women's voice? | alto |
| Which of the following is true of Clara Schumann? | She was a gifted concert pianist who composed several pieces. |
| Why are Christie's Minstrels important to the history of popular music? | Despite their racist content, their shows helped to establish popular music in America. |
| Which part of a stringed instrument is used to make the strings vibrate? | the bow |
| What are the four main types of instruments? | strings, woodwinds, brass, percussion |
| In terms of music, the Romantic era spanned approximately | 1800-1900 |
| The most important part of the musical experience is | learning to read the notes. |
| What are the three types of listening? | passive, unconscious, and active |
| Who was Aaron Copland? | a twentieth-century American composer |
| What is an important reason for listening to pieces of music multiple times? | Repeated hearings allow for greater understanding of a piece of music. |
| What is unconscious listening? | hearing but not noticing music |
| One of the most important musicians in the history of jazz was | Duke Ellington. |
| Improvisation and "scatting" are often found in | jazz |
| What is an indication that a vocalist is improvising? | He or she makes up sounds and nonsense syllables. |
| The large-scale pattern of a symphonic minuet is | ABA. |
| What is a minuet? | an elegant eighteenth-century ballroom dance |
| What is the term for the speed at which the beats of a piece occur? | tempo |
| What is the equivalent of a cadence in writing? | punctuation |
| How does Copland create counterpoint in Fanfare for the Common Man? | by having instruments play a contrasting line while the trumpets play the melody |
| After Mozart's The Marriage of Figaro failed to impress Viennese audiences, in which city did it achieve success? | Prague How did the growth of the middle class in the Classic era change the economics of music? |
| How did the growth of the middle class in the Classic era change the economics of music? | As music publishing became profitable, composers could make a living without the support of patrons. |
| How did the style of music change in the Classic era to appeal to new audiences? | It became lighter, clearer, and more accessible. |
| Which Classic genre began as an overture for Italian opera? | symphony |
| Which of the following statements is true of a string quartet? | It has two violins and no double bass. |
| How did the Classic era piano differ from its predecessor, the harpsichord? | It was capable of playing a larger range of dynamics. |
| Who are the two most important composers of the Classic era? | F. J. Haydn and W. A. Mozart |
| Which of the following was true of Mozart? | He was a child prodigy |
| Which of the following is a famous opera by Mozart? | Don Giovanni |
| Who was Mozart's primary music teacher? | Mozart's father, Leopold |
| How did the formation of the orchestra change toward the end of the eighteenth century? | Clarinets were added, and woodwinds played a more prominent role. |
| How did Mozart attempt to make money during the last five years of his life? | by composing five great operas |
| Romantic writers and thinkers were fascinated by the notion of | the individual—a single person's thoughts and feelings. |
| The most important political event for the nineteenth century, which much of the music reflects, was the | French Revolution. |
| What is the term for music that has no meaning outside of the meaning of the music itself? | absolute music |
| Who were among the most important women composers of the nineteenth century? | Fanny Mendelssohn and Clara Schumann |
| What is a series of songs that are woven together to make a narrative? | a song cycle |
| What are through-composed songs? | Songs in which the music is different for each stanza of text. |
| How did the piano change from the Classic era to the Romantic era? | Its range expanded from five to seven octaves. |
| What is modulation? | a movement between and among tonal centers |
| What is program music? | instrumental music associated with a story, poem, idea, or scene |
| In addition to being a virtuoso violinist, why is Nicolò Paganini considered important to the history of nineteenth-century music? | He inspired Schumann, Chopin, Liszt, and others to become virtuoso performers. |
| Schubert's father wanted him to become | schoolmaster |
| Which composer wrote over 600 art songs and used text painting in his accompaniments? | Franz Schubert Franz Schubert |
| What is a nocturne? | a moody and introspective piece |
| An étude is | a study piece designed to help one improve certain technical skills |
| Which of the following is true of Hector Berlioz? | He was a relentless innovator, especially with regard to form, idee fixe, and orchestration. |
| Which term describes the fostering of national identities and rebellion against foreign domination that occurred in the nineteenth century? | nationalism |
| What is orchestration? | the combination of different instruments to create a variety of sonic colors and textures |
| Why did Fanny Mendelssohn remain relatively unknown as a composer during her life? | Most of her published pieces were done so under her brother's name. |
| Which mid-Romantic composer was known for his symphonic poems? | Franz Liszt |
| What were the three national schools of opera during the Romantic era? | French, Italian, and German |
| Who was the central figure in German opera? | Richard Wagner |
| Who wrote the librettos for Wagner's operas? | Richard Wagner |
| Which city was the center of Italian opera and home of the La Scala opera house? | Milan |
| Which of the following statements is true of Franz Liszt? | He studied composition with Antonio Salieri. |
| Which of the following is a central tenet of musical Romanticism? | Music should represent human emotions to the highest. |
| At the age of 37, Tchaikovsky | Suddenly decided to get married, but then ran away, attempted suicide and had a nervous breakdown |
| Why is The Moldau an example of program music? | It describes the flow of a river across Bohemia. |
| How did the nationalist movement manifest in Russia? | Composers began to write operas in their own language, on Russian themes. |
| How many symphonies did Brahms write? | four |
| Which composer wrote, "When I was born, the Almighty touched me with his little finger and said: 'Write operas—mind you, only operas!'" | Giacomo Puccini |
| Great jazz artists are often | great improvisers, who can compose as they perform |
| Who was the most famous composer and performer of ragtime? | Scott Joplin |
| Louis Armstrong's career spanned | More than 50 years in American music |
| Which of these performers had a weekly big band show on the radio? | Benny Goodman |
| What was Duke Ellington known for, in addition to being an extraordinary pianist and bandleader? | He was a prolific composer and arranger. |
| Dizzy Gillespie and Thelonious Monk | were pioneers of bebop along with Charlie "Bird" Parker. |
| The vibraphone is | an instrument like a xylophone with metal bars and an electrically enhanced sustained tone. |
| What instrument did Charlie Parker play? | an instrument like a xylophone with metal bars and an electrically enhanced sustained tone. |
| Which artist produced two 1969 records that established jazz fusion style for the 1970s and 1980s? | Miles Davis |
| How did jazz change in the evolution from Dixieland to the big bands? | The saxophone began to be a common jazz instrument. |
| Why did some cool jazz groups include atypical instruments such as the baritone saxophone or French horn? | Those instruments had a mellow sound that fit the relaxed nature of cool jazz. |
| How did Louis Armstrong change jazz? | His unique improvisations paved the way for the later emphasis on solo playing. |
| Which of the following is a central characteristic of bebop? | complex chord changes |
| What is the most important element in rock music? | rhythm |
| Of the following, who was a great songwriter from the 1920s to the 1940s? | Cole Porter |
| What was Charles K. Harris's hit song of 1892? | "After the Ball" |
| The most important influence on early rock and roll was | rhythm and blues (R&B) |
| When the drive of R&B combined with the elements of country, the result was | rockabilly music |
| The rock phenomenon began in the | 1950s and 1960s, when pop and rock music were symbols of youthful rebellion. |
| The invention of the transistor radio in the 1950s can be compared to | the Walkman of the 1970s and 1980s and the iPod at the turn of the century. |
| What instrument did Jimi Hendrix play? | electric guitar |
| Eric Clapton was a member of which groups? | Cream and the Yardbirds |
| Why is Motown important in the history of popular music? | It allowed black performers to make their mark on popular music. |
| Which of the following characterizes the second period of the Beatles' career as a group? | They rarely toured, preferring instead to record in studios. |
Created by:
Mary2424