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PSY 121
Chapter 7
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| response set | a tendency to respond to all questions from one perspective rather than provide answers that are directly related to the questions and affects the usefulness of the data (ex. social desirability and "faking good") |
| probability sampling | better, more representative sample, better matches characteristics of a population |
| simple random sampling | every member of a population has an EQUAL probability of being selected for the sample (chances doesn't have to be equal) |
| stratified random sampling | population is divided into subgroups and random sampling techniques are used to select people from each strata (ex. age, gender) |
| cluster sampling | identify "clusters" of individuals and then randomly choose clusters and sample ALL people from within a given cluster (HINT: classes would be clusters; problem - some people will be in more than one class and more likely going to be in the study twice) |
| nonprobability sampling | unknown probability of any particular member of the population being chosen; cheap and convenient |
| haphazard sampling | aka convenience sampling; efficient, inexpensive; select your sample in any way that is convenient to you (ex. PIPER) |
| quota sampling | when a sample is chosen that reflects the numerical(overall) composition of various subgroups in the population. Similar to stratified sampling, but random sampling does not occur |
| response rate | % of respondents who complete the survey. Ex: mail 100 q’aires; 50 are returned = 50% RR. Indicates bias in final sample, reminders and incentives |
| graphic rating scale | requires a mark along a continuous 100 mm line that is anchored with descriptions at each end. Smoking marijuana would be…not enjoyable _________ enjoyable. A ruler measures where on the line the mark is placed |
| semantic differential scale | rate concepts on a series of bipolar adjectives using 7 point scales. 5 and 9 point scales can also be used. My using Marijuana even once or twice in the next few months would be... (ex. Good __ __ __ __ __ __ __ Bad) |
| labeling response alternatives | clearly defines each response option. (ex. I get restless when I spend too much time at home…strongly disagree, disagree, neither agree nor disagree, agree, strongly agree) |
| confidence intervals | inferences are made with a certain degree of confidence. Percentage of confidence that the true population value lies within an interval of the obtained sample. Communicates sampling error or margin of error. The smaller the margin of error = less error |
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senthis1
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