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PSYC 3430 Chapter 12
Aggression
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| aggression | intentional behavior aimed at causing physical harm or psychological pain to another person |
| Violence | a form of aggression that has extreme physical harm as its goal |
| hostile aggression | aggression stemming from feelings of anger and aimed at inflicting pain or injury |
| instrumental aggression | aggression as a means to some goal other than causing pain; ex: a soldier fighting to protect their country. |
| relational aggression | nonphysical acts, such as insults or social rejection, aimed at harming someone's relationships or reputation; ex: spreading rumors about somebody. |
| displaced aggression | redirecting aggression to a target other than the actual source of one's frustration; this target is often less threatening or more available |
| challenge hypothesis | testosterone relates to aggression only when there are opportunities for reproduction |
| dual-hormone hypothesis | testosterone only relates to dominance-seeking behaviors when the stress hormone, cortisol, is low |
| cultures of honor | cultures in which there are strong norms indicating that aggression is an appropriate response to insults to one's honor |
| Corporal punishment | the use of physical force to cause pain for the purpose of disciplining a child; ex: spanking |
| alcohol myopia effect | alcohol narrows one's attention to focus on only a few details; makes people short-sighted. People see short term costs/benefits to their aggressive behavior, but not the long term effects |
| think-drink effect | when people expect alcohol to have certain effects on them, it often does |
| social-cognitive learning theory | The theory that people learn social behavior (ex: aggression or altruism) in large part through observation and imitation of others and by cognitive processes such as plans, expectations, and beliefs |
| frustration-aggression theory | the theory that frustration (the perception that you are being prevented from attaining a goal) increases the probability of an aggressive response |
| Goal proximity | when you're blocked from achieving a goal, your distance from the goal influences your frustration; the closer to goal = more frustration = more aggression |
| weapons effect | the increase in aggression that can occur because of the mere presence of a gun or other weapon |
| catharsis | The notion that "blowing off steam" (by behaving aggressively or watching others do so) relieves built-up anger and aggressive energy and hence reduces the likelihood of further aggressive behavior |
| sexual scripts | sets of implicit rules that specify proper sexual behavior for a person in a given situation, varying with the person's gender, age, religion, social status, and peer group |
| relative deprivation | the feeling that you have less than than what you deserve or less than what people similar to you have |
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vickyisstudying
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