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Chapter 16
Climate Change
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is climate change | a large change in the climate records of temperature, rainfall, wind speeds, etc., lasting decades or longer |
| how do people research weather from pre-1900 | frozen ice cores |
| what is the average global temperature increase called | Global warming |
| what are three natural causes of climate change | Changes in the sun's intensity Slow changes in the earth's orbit around the sun Volcanic eruptions |
| explain how the change in the suns intensity causes climate change | the more dark sunspots on the sun the more energy than normal is coming from the sun, the sun has a sunspot cycle where it goes from maximum sunspots to minimum sunspots in 11 years |
| how do the slow changes in the earths orbit around the sun affect climate change | the earths orbit is sometimes a circle and sometimes an ellipse, the earths axis tilts sometimes and sometimes it wobbles like a spinning top. these three changes have an impact on the amount of sunlight that the earth receives |
| how do volcanic eruptions effect climate change | erupting volcanoes emit sulphur dioxide into the atmosphere. the sulphur dioxide combines with water to form sulphuric acid. the sulphuric acid makes tiny droplets that reflects radiation from the sun, causing cooling of the earths surface |
| Name two factors of climate change caused by human activity | Greenhouse effect Greenhouse gasses |
| explain the greenhouse effect | During the day the earths surface warms up and cools during the night releasing the heat back into the air, some heat however gets trapped by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, over time humans have created too much greenhouse gases too little heat escap |
| name the three main greenhouse gases thhat humans emit | Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Methane (CH4) Nitrous Oxide (N2O) |
| how is Carbon Dioxide emitted | Burning fossil fuels Deforestation |
| how is methane emitted | fossil fuels being extracted from the earth Animals such as cows fart Landfills, decomposing solid waste Biofuels e.g. crops |
| how is nitrous oxide emitted | Artificial fertilisers widespread use of coal as power station fuel |
| name the 4 implications/consequences of climate change | Melting ice and Rising seas Extreme Weather Events (Droughts, floods, heatwaves) Desertification Threats to wildlife |
| Explain melting ice and rising sea levels | when water warms up it expands. at the same time, global warming causes ice sheets to melt. the combination of these is causing sea levels to rise, resulting in flooding and erosion of coastal areas. many fresh water supplies have become contaminated |
| what was the climate agreement | in Paris 2015, 195 countries signed a global climate deal to put the world on track to avoid dangerous climate change by limiting global warming well below 2 degrees Celsius |
Created by:
JMahango
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