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bios ch. 17

TermDefinition
cell-cell contact direct interaction between cell surfaces or through cadherins
autocrine cell releases small signal molecule and binds to itself
paracrine distance between cells. cell releases small signal molecule and binds to another cell
endocrine cell sends signals and travles through the endocrine system to antother cell
endothelial cell makes nitric oxide
atrazine endocrine disrupter that decreases androgens and increases estrogen
glucocorticoid hormones synthesized in adrenal glands.
cAMP can bind and activate PKA (Protein kinase A) = camp-dependent kinase
integrin activated by intracellular changes to change shape and expose its extracellular head domains
FAK focal adhesion kinase (integrin binds)
RTK receptor Tyrosine Kinase
MAPK mitogen activated protein kinase signaling or cascade
Ras-GEF stimulates Ras-GDP to release GDP to bind GTP
Ras-GTP binds and activates MAPKKK
nitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes arginine to make citrulline + NO
Nitric oxide (NO) small gas that goes through hydro/hydrophilic regions including cells + membranes + ECM. usually used for autocrine/paracrine signaling
Active Guanyly cyclase makes cGMP (from GTP)
increase in cGMP leads to muscle relaxation
eicosanoids derivatives of phospholipids. all bind and activate GPCR
peptide hormones proteins or portions of cleaved proteins
phosphatases remove phosphate from dimerized RTK-p, MAPKK-p, MAPK-p
PI3-kinase phosphorylates to PI and modifies PIP2 + Pi to PIP3
PI phospholipid with inositol (sugar)
PLC (phospholipase C) cuts phospholipids
DAG (tail). stays in inner plasma membrane and acivates Protein Kinase C
IP3 binds ER channel: opens IP3-gates Ca2+ channel
GTP-Galpha binds and activates active phospholipase C which produces IP3
Created by: lutmanlucy21
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