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PS Chapter 9 and 10

Understanding the Atom/The Periodic Table

TermDefinition
Atom The smallest piece of an element that still represents the element
Electron Is a particle with one negative charge
Nucleus Most of an atoms mass and positive charge is concentrated into a small area in the center of the atom
Proton Is an atomic particle that has one positive charge
Neutron Is a neutral particle that exist in the nucleus of an atom
Electron Cloud Is an area around a atomic nuclear where electron is most likely to be located
Atomic number The number of protons in an atom of an element
Isotopes Are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons
Mass number Is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom
Average atomic mass Is the average mass of an element isotopes weighted, according to the abundance of each isotope
Radioactive Elements that spontaneously emit radiation
Nuclear decay Is a process that occurs when an unstable atomic atom changed into an another more stable nucleus by emitting radiation
Ion Is an atom that is no longer neutral because it has gained or lost electrons
Periodic table Is a chart of the elements, arranged into rows and columns, according to their physical and chemical properties
Group Is a column on the periodic table
Periods The rows on the periodic table
Metal It’s an element that is generally shiny. It is easily pulled into wires or hammered into thin sheets and metal is a good conductor of electricity and thermal energy.
Luster Describes the ability of the metal to reflect light
Ductility Is the ability to be pulled into thin wires
Malleability Is the ability of a substance to be hammered or roled in the sheets
Alkali metals The elements in group one
Alkaline earth metals The elements in group 2 on the periodic table
Transition elements Elements in group 3 to 12
Nonmetals Are elements that have no metallic properties
Halogen An element in group 17 of the periodic table
Noble gases Elements in group 18
Metalloid Is an element that has physical and chemical properties of both metals and nonmetals
Semiconductor Conducts electricity at high temperatures, but not at low temperatures
Created by: Jergertigers
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