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PSY100 Chapter 1
Terms from week 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hub Science | A science that overlaps into many other niche sciences and contributes to their findings |
| Voluntarism | Approach that emphasizes the role of free will and choice in determining thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. |
| Structuralism | Approach where the mind is broken into the smallest elements of mental experience. |
| Introspection | Personal observation of your own thoughts, feelings, and behavior. |
| Functionalism | Approach that sees behavior as purposeful and contributing to survival (adaptive functions of behavior) |
| Behaviorism | Approach that features the study and careful measurement of observable behaviors (not interested with internal affairs of the mind). |
| Biological Psychology | The psychological perspective that focuses on the relationships between mind and behavior, as well as underlying biological processes (genetics, biochemistry, anatomy, and physiology) |
| Evolutionary Psychology | Psychological perspective that investigates how physical brain structure and behavior have been shaped by their contributions to survival and reproduction. |
| Cognitive Psychology | Psychological perspective that investigates information processing, thinking, reasoning, and problem solving. |
| Developmental Psychology | Psychological perspective that examines the normal changes in behavior that occur across the life span. |
| Social Psychology | Psychological perspective that examines the effects of the social environment on the behavior of individuals. |
| Personality Psychology | Psychological perspective that examines how personality develops and how it shapes thoughts and behaviors. |
| Clinical Psychology | Psychological perspective that seeks to explain, define, and treat abnormal behaviors (medical, perscriptions). |
| Wilhelm Wundt | Father of experimental psychology/structuralism (study of basic cognitive functions) and Voluntarism; studied reaction time and observable behaviors |
| Edward Titchener | Father of Structuralism |
| John Watson and B.F Skinner | Fathers of Behaviorism |
| Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow | Fathers of Humanism |
| Humanism | Psychological perspective focused on the individual's inherent goodness and helping them become the best version of themselves |
| Multi-perspective approach | Combining the different approaches to psychology to examine the same situation and get a full understanding |
| Five Perspectives | Biological/evolutionary, cognitive, clinical, social/personality, developmental |
| Hermann von Helmholtz | Experimented with nerve signaling to prove the mind had a physical basis |
| John Locke | Empiricist; believed mind was a "blank slate" at birth |
| William James | Father of functionalism; Wrote important text books |
| Psychology | The study of behavior and mental processes |
| Gestalt psychology | The study of the brain as a whole, not it's individual parts |
| Max Wertheimer | Father of Gestalt psychology |
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doctorpenguin
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