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Nervous System Test
Biology and Behavior
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the Nervous System? | the major system responsible for coordinating and integrating behavior |
| What is the responsibility of the Nervous System? | relays messages in the form of electrical impulses and chemical messages |
| What are the two main parts of the Nervous System? | the Central and Peripheral Nervous System |
| The Central Nervous System | Brain & Spinal cord- receive, process, interpret, store incoming info. and send out messages to muscles, glands, and organs |
| The Peripheral Nervous System | Sensory nerves- bring input from skin, muscles, organs Motor nerves- sends info to muscles, glands, organs |
| Neurons | the messenger |
| Smallest unit of the nervous system | Neurons |
| Where are most neurons found? | the brain (100 billion) |
| Dendrites | branch out from the cell body pick up incoming messages and carry them to the neurons cell body |
| Cell Body | produces energy that fuels the activity of the cell |
| Axon | Single long fiber extending from the cell body carries outgoing messages from the cell (Axon= Away) |
| Axon Terminal Buttons | small fibers that branch out from the end of the axon |
| Synapse | Junction between the axon terminals of one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron |
| What passes through the Synapse? | Electrical impulses and neurotransmitters |
| Neutral Communication | the entire impulses passes through a neuron in about seven milliseconds- faster than a lightning strike |
| Neurotransmitters | chemical messages released across synapses |
| Where are neurotransmitters stored? | vesicles in the axon terminal buttons |
| Dopamine | Controls motor behavior Evokes feelings of pleasure and reward Helps us pay attention to new things: Too little: Parkinson's disease Too much: Schizophrenia |
| Serotonin | Calms mood, affects sleep, appetite linked to depression |
| Norepinephrine | Controls alertness, memory, and attention linked to anxiety |