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Unit 2 Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Motion | A change in an object's position relative to a reference point |
Frame Of Referance | A coordinate system in which the position of an object is measured |
Relative Motion | Motion as observed from or referred to some material system constituting a frame of referance |
Position | Location of an object in relation to a reference point |
Distance | Length of path taken to get from A to B |
Displacement | Distance and direction of an object’s change in position |
Speed | The distance an object travels per unit of time |
Constant Speed | When the speed of an object remains the same |
Average Speed | The total distance traveled by the object in a particular time interval |
Instantaneous Speed | Speed at any given point in time |
Velocity | The speed of an object in a given direction |
Relative Velocity | The velocity of an object with respect to another observer |
Final Velocity | The quantity that measures the speed and direction of a moving body after it has reached maximum acceleration |
Acceleration | Rate of change in velocity |
Centripetal Acceleration | Acceleration toward the center of a curved or circular path |
Position-Time Graph | The slope of the line on a position-time graph reveals useful information about the velocity of the object |
Initial Velocity | The velocity at which the motion starts |
Velocity-Time Graph | Reveals useful information about the acceleration of an object |
Projectile | Anything shot or thrown through the air |
Trajectory | The path followed by a projectile flying or an object moving under the action of given forces |
Parabola | A curve formed by the intersection of a cone with a plane parallel to a straight line in its surface |
Momentum | The product of the mass and velocity of an object |
Force | Push or pull (attempt to change the motion of an object) |
Net Force | The sum of all of the forces acting on an object |
Balanced Forces | Fnet = 0 (no change in motion) |
Unbalanced Forces | Fnet ≠ 0 (motion is changed) |
Friction | Force that opposes the sliding motion of two surfaces that are touching each other |
Static Friction | Prevents two objects from starting to slide past each other |
Kinetic Friction | Opposes the motion of two objects sliding past each other |
Rolling Friction | Keeps objects rolling over each other instead of sliding (special form of Fs) |
Coefficient Of Friction | Measure of the stickiness between two surfaces |
Gravity | An attractive force between any two objects that depends on the masses of the objects and the distance between them |
Gravity Field | Region of space around an object with gravitational force |
Acceleration Due To Gravity | Rate at which nearby objects accelerate toward a body |
Mass | Rate at which nearby objects accelerate toward a body |
Weight | State an object is in when gravity is the only force acting on it |
Free Fall | When her or his “apparent weight” is 0 |
Apparent Weightlessness | Tendency of an object to resist a change in motion |
Inertia | An object moves at a constant velocity unless an unbalanced force acts on it |
Newton's 1st Law Of Motion | An object moves at a constant velocity unless an unbalanced force acts on it |
Newton's 2nd Law Of Motion | An object’s acceleration is in the same direction as the net force on the object and is equal to the net force exerted on it divided by the mass |
Newton's 3rd Law Of Motion | Every action has an equal and opposite reaction |
Action-Reaction Forces | Force is an interaction that can change an object’s movement |
Air Resistance | A force that is caused by air |
Terminal Velocity | Maximum speed an object will reach when falling through a substance like air |
Centripetal Force | Imaginary force pulling to the outside of a circular path |
Law Of Conservation Of Momentum | If no external forces act on a group of objects, their total momentum doesn’t change |
Centrifugal Force | An apparent force that acts outward on a body moving around a center |