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Phys. Sci. C9
Physical Science Chapter 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a measure of average kinetic energy of all particles in an object. | temperature |
| kinetic energy is | motion |
| a measure of average motion energy of particles in an object is | temperature |
| temperature and kinetic energy ( ) ( ) are directly ( ) | motion energy, proportional |
| lowest temperature= | lowest kinetic energy |
| highest temperature= | highest kinetic energy |
| as kinetic energy temperature increases, the temperature ( ) | rises |
| as kinetic energy decreases, the temperature ( ) | falls |
| a device to measure temperature. | thermometer |
| some liquids expand when ( ) and ( ) when cooled | heated, contracts |
| particles of liquid mercury move ( ) apart from eachother when they have more ( ) energy | farther, heat |
| the ( ) climbs the narrow column in the thermometer | mercury |
| what are the three types of temperature scales | fahrenheit, celsius (also called centigrade), kelvin |
| based on a lowest possible temperature called ( ) ( ) | absolute zero |
| this is a theoretical temperature thought to stop all particle motion | absolute zero |
| ( ) does not use word ( ) or symbol for ( ) | kelvin, degree, degree |
| a verb meaning to make something warmer | heat |
| a noun that is the energy of warmth | thermal energy |
| ( ) energy ( ) flows from where there is more to where there is ( )....from ( ) to ( ) | thermal, always, less, warm, cold |
| in the 1700's scientists thought that ( ) energy was ( ) fluid | thermal, invisible |
| in the 1750's benjamin thompson(also known as count rumford) did an experiment that supported the idea that ( ) is a form of ( ) and not and invisible ( ) | heat, energy, fluid |
| thermal energy was produced when a drill bit was in motion but not when the drill was ( ) | stopped |
| transfer of thermal energy between two objects in contact with eachother | conduction |
| rapidly ( ) particles in one object ( ) with slower vibrating particles of the other object, speeding up their ( ) | vibrating, collide, motions |
| ( ) may also occur within particles of one ( ) as and object is ( ) from one side | conduction, object, heated, |
| transfer of thermal energy by movement fluids or gases with different temperatures | convection |
| warmer fluids and gases move ( ) and cooler ones ( ) | up, sink |
| the flow of fluid or gas due to heating and cooling | convection current |
| transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic waves | radiation |
| this can travel through ( ) or through a ( ) | outerspace, vacuum |
| radiation is the ( ) ( ) that can do this | only one |
| objects absorb ( ) waves and change some of them into ( ) energy | electromagnetic, thermal |
| ( ) objects absorb more energy and therefore can turn more into thermal energy that can ( ) objects | dark, light |
| are materials that thermal energy easily moves through | conductors |
| are materials that do not let thermal energy easily pass through | insulators |
| the standard rating for building insulations is called the ( ) | R-valve |
| the higher the R-Valve, the ( ) a materials ability to resist energy transfer, this is a ( ) ( ) | greater, better insulator |
| the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of 1 kg. of a substance by 1 k. | specific heat |
| it takes ( ) thermal energy to raise the temp. of 1 kg water than it does for 1 kg ( ) | more, copper |
| ( ) is a better conductor than water | copper |
| many heating and cooling systems use ( ) substances that easily evaporate and ( ) | liquid, condense |
| this ( ) and ( ) energy away from surroundings, thus cooling surroundings | evaporates, absorbs |
| ( ) and ( ) thermal energy to the surroundings, thus warming the surroundings | condensing, releasing |
| most use ( ) to distribute thermal energy | convection |
| boiler where fuel is burned to change chemical energy into thermal energy | hot-water heat |
| a circulating pump may then convert ( ) energy into ( ) energy to move the heated water | electrical, kinetic |
| similar to hot water heat, but steam is circulated | steam heat |
| converts electical energy to thermal energy | electic baseboard |
| the warm air ( ) by convection currents | rises |
| an electric ( ) pump reverses ( ) flow of energy by circulating ( ) liquid and using a compress | heat, refrigernat |
| ( ) air systems use electrical energy, gas or ( ) chemical energy and convert it to ( ) energy | forced, oil, chemical, thermal |
| hot air ( ) using fans | circulates |
| these transfer ( ) energy from cool area to ( ) areas (requires input of energy to do this) | thermal, warm |
| a motor does ( ) of gas to liquid | compression |
| this releases ( ) to outdoors | heat |
| if coils are out there.... you can not use a ( ) with the door open to cool the ( ) | refrigerator, kitchen |
| a coil carries ( ) to inside area where it absorbs ( ) energy from room and becomes ( ) | liquid, thermal, gas |
| james prescott joule is given credit for discovering this one. it says that energy is conserved. we dont make or destroy energy, it just changes form | first law |
| you cannot take thermal energy from somewhere cool and put it somewhere warmer with out adding energy from outside the system | second law |
| absolute zero is not achievable | third law |
Created by:
darrl
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