Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
RTE2010 Mock
Review Mock 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The _______ is the source of radiation in the xray tube. | Focal spot |
| Because of the line focus principle, the effective focal spot size decreases with decreasing ________. | Target angle |
| High capacity tube rotors revolve at _________. | 10,000 RPM |
| The xray intensity is lower on the anode side of the tube because of the _________. | Heel effect |
| The cathode side of the tube should be towards the ________ part of the patient. | Thicker |
| What is the formula for heat units for a three-phase, six pulse xray machine? | 1.35 x kVp x mA x seconds |
| Tube failure can occur from | Long exposure times |
| The filament in an xray tube is about ______ in length. | 1-2 cm |
| The dual focus tube has two ________. | Filaments |
| Each tube has its own tube rating chart to show | Maximum exposure times |
| The _______ is/are outside the glass envelope. | Stators |
| Extrafocal or off-focus radiation is produced from | Rebounding electrons |
| The heel effect is caused by the __________. | Anode angle |
| The effective focal spot size is ______ the actual focal spot size. | Smaller than |
| Localized pitting or cracking on the anode can occur from ______. | A single excessive exposure |
| Projectile electrons travel from _______. | Cathode to anode |
| During an exposure most of the _______ energy of the projectile electrons is converted to __________. | Kinetic, Heat |
| At the target, the projectile electron interact with __________. | Outer shell electrons and Inner shell electrons (Both A & B) |
| The efficiency of the xray productions is __________ the tube current. | Strongly affected by |
| Most of the heat generated at the target is due to | Outer shell excitation |
| The production of heat at the anode is directly proportional to __________. | Tube current |
| The efficiency of x-ray production increases as _______ increases. | kVp |
| Approximately _________ of the kinetic energy of the projectile electrons is converted to xrays at the target. | 1% |
| Electron interactions at the inner shell of the target atoms produce __________ radiation. | Characteristic |
| The useful characteristic xrays from tungsten targets are ______ xrays. | K shell |
| Characteristic k-shell xrays have an effective energy of ______ keV. | 69 |
| Most xrays produced at the target are _______. | Bremsstrahlung |
| At 55 kVp ________ of the xrays produced are bremsstrahlung. | 100% |
| Bremmsstrahlung xrays are produced by ______ at the target. | Slowing electrons |
| Characteristics xrays are produced by | released binding energy |
| The quantity of bremmstrahlung radiation increases proportionally with increased _______. | mAs |
| An exposure taken at 100 kVp would have a continuous emission spectrum with a maximum energy of _________. | 100 |
| The ______ of an xray beam is higher when the peak of the emission spectrum is further to the _______. | Quality, Right |
| An increase in mAs would _______ the ______ of the emission spectrum. | Increase, Amplitude only |
| An increase in kVp would ________ the _______ of the emission spectrum. | Increase, Amplitude and position |
| Changes in ______ result in directly proportional changes int he amplitude of the emission spectrum. | mA and time (Both A & B) |
| The discrete portion of the xrays emission spectrum would change position with a change in ________. | Target material |
| The amplitude of the emission spectrum is __________ with a ________ generator than/as with a three phase. | Lower, single phase |
| A 15% increase in kVp is equivalent to | doubling the mAs |
| How does the added filtration affect the emission spectrum? | Reduced amplitude and a shift to the right |
| Roentgen (or grays) is the measurement for xray _______. | Quantity, Exposure, Intensity (All of the above) |
| The number of useful xrays in the beam defines xray. | Quantity |
| Standard xray machine produces about _______ mR/mAs at 70 kvp measured at 100 cm SID. | 5 |
| Xray quantity increases in direct proportion to increase in ______. | mAs |
| If the distance from the source to the image SID is reduced by half, how is the xray intensity at the ????? | It is increased by 4 times |
| If the filter thickness is ______, then the xray intensity is _______. | Increased, Reduced and Reduced, increased. (Both B & C) |
| A 10% increase in kVp has ________ effect on xray intensity than/as a 10% increase in mAs. | Much greater |
| if a x-ray quantity is double, the optical density on the finished radiograph will be ______. | Increased by the factor of two. |
| If a tech changes the technique from 70 kVp @ 200 mAs to 70 kVp @ 400 mAs, then _______. | Double, Double |
| The inverse square law has the same effect on optical density and xray _______. | Intensity, exposure, quantity (All of the above) |
| An increase of 15% in the kVp is equivalent to increasing mAs _________. | 100% |
| If the intensity of a 70 kVp exposure at 20 mAs is 100 mR, what would it be at 5 mAs? | 25 mR |
| If an exposure is 50 mR at an SID of 40inches, what would the exposure be at with an SID of 60 inches? | 22.2 mR |
| Xray intensity is proportional to _______ | kVp2 |
| The penetrability of an xray beam is called xray _______. | Quality |
| An xray beam that could pass through dense tissue would have high _________. | Penetrability and Quality (Both A & B) |
| A low quality beam would also have low _______. | Penetrability |
| Beam quality is affected by ______. | kVp and filtration |
| The half value layer of an xray beam is measurement of beam ________. | Quality |
| Image contrast is affected by ________. | Beam quality and kVp (Both A & B) |
| The HVL is lowered by a decrease in ________. | kVp & mAs |
| The xray beam quality is improved by _______. | Increasing filtration |
| The main purpose of the added filtration is to reduce _________. | Patient dose |
| Added filtration will ______ beam quality and _______ beam quantity. | Increase, Decrease |
| A compensating filter is used to create ______ optical density with a body part of ________ thickness. | Uniform, non-uniform |
| The two primary forms of xray interaction in diagnostic range are: | Compton scatter and photoelectric absorption |
| An incident xray interacts with an atom without ionization during __________. | Coherent scattering |
| An outer shell electron is ejected and the atom is ionized with _________. | Compton scatter |
| Which xray interaction involves the ejection of the k-shell electron? | Photoelectric absorption |
| The scattered xray from a compton interaction usually retains _______ of the energy of the incident photon. | Most |
| Compton scatter is directed at a _______ angle from the incident beam. | Any |
| As kVp ______ the probability of photoelectric absorption ______. | Increases, Decreases |
| There is a complete absorption of the incident xray photon with | Photoelectric effect |
| _________ occurs only at a very high energies used in radiation therapy and in nuclear medicine PET imaging. | Pair production |
| Only at energies above 10 meV can _____ take place. | Photodisintegration |
| When the mass density of the absorber is _______, it results in __________ compton scatter. | Increased, Increased |
| The k-shell binding energy increases with increasing __________. | Atomic number |
| Which has the greatest mass density? | Bone |
| Image fog in diagnostic imaging caused by: | Compton Scatter |
| Because of differential absorption, about _______ of the incident beam from the x-ray tube contributes to the finished ????? | 0.5% |
| Differential absorption is dependent on the ________. | kVp of the exposure, atomic number of the absorber, mass density of the absorber (All of the above) |
| Attenuation is caused by _________. | Absorption and Scattering (Both A & B) |
| Barium is a good contrast agent because of its | High atomic number |
| The use of contrast agents increases the amount of | Differential absorption, compton scatter, photoelectric absorption (All of the above) |
| The negative contrast agent is ______. | Air |
| Xray transmitted without interaction contribute to | The radiographic image |
| Compton interactions, photoelectric absoprtion and transmitted xrays all contribute to _________ | Differential absorption |
| High kvp techniques reduce | patient dose |
| At energies below 40 kVp, the predominant xray interaction in soft tissue and bone is _________. | Photoelectric absorption |
| if 5 % of an incident beam is transmitted through a body part, then 95% of that beam was | attenuated |
| The smallest quality of any type of electromagnetic radiation is a _________. | Photon |
| What is the velocity of all electromagnetic radiation? | 3 x 10 to the power of 8 m/s |
| The rate of the rise and fall of a sine wave is called its ________. | Frequency |
| A hertz (Hz) is equal to ________. | 1 cycle per second |
| What is the electromagnetic wave equation? | C=F (upside down v symbol) |
| The ________ of electromagnetic radiation is constant. | velocity |
| If the wavelength of a beam of electromagnetic radiation increases by a factor of 2, then the frequency must __________. | Decrease by half |
| The intensity of radiation __________ in _________ proportional to the square of the distance of the object from ??????? | Decreases and inverse |
| The reduction of radiation intensity is due to scattering and absorption is called ________. | Attentuation |
| The velocity of light is written as : | c = 3 x 108 m/s |
| The maximum number of electrons that can exist in an electron shell is calculated with the formula __________. | 2n2 |
| The shell number of an atom is called the ______. | Chemical element |
| The unit of measure of radiation in air is the ________. | Roentgen |
| The _______ is the unit to describe the dose of ionizing radiation received by a patient . | Rad |
| The unit used to measure occupational dose? | Rem |
| The gray is equivalent to _______. | .01 rads |
| A measure of 10-3 rad is a: | Millirad |
| Radioactive material is measured in: | Curies |
| A seivert is equal to a rem multiplied by _______. | 0.01 |
| The intensity of radiation on an object is reduced with distance because the radiation : | Is spread out over a greater area. |
| The diagnostic range of xray energy is: | 30 to 150 kVp |
| The energy of a photon is directly proportional to its: | Frequency |
| The mass equivalent of a 100 keV photon of radiation can be calculated using the: | Relativity formula |
| Xrays are usually identified by their: | Energy |
| The lowest energy range of the electromagnetic spectrum is | Radio waves |
| Gamma rays are produced in the ______ of the atom | Nucleus |
| Photons tend to interact with matter ________ its wavelength. | Equal in size to |
| Photons with the highest frequency have the: | Shortest wavelength |
| The smallest unit of the electrical charge is: | Electron |
| Electrification occurs through the movement of: | Only electrons |
| like charges ______ and unlike charges _________ | Repel and Attract |
| Electrostatic force is _______ proportional to the distance between charges and ___________ proportional to the product of the charge. | Inversely, Directly |
| The charges on an electrified object are distributed: | Evenly throughout the object |
| On the surface of an electrified object the charges concentrate: | On the sharpest curvatures. |
| A _______ is a source of direct current. | Battery |
| What is the unit of electric potential? | Volt |
| An electric potential applied to a conductor produces a | Electric current and Magnetic Field (Both A & B) |
| An alternating AC current is represented by a ______ line. | Sinusoidal |
| A _______ uses direct current., | Flashlight |
| Alternating current is produced by a ________. | Generator |
| What is ohm's law? | I = V/R |
| A charged particle in motion creates a(n): | Magnetic field |
| Electrical power is measured in _______. | Watts |
| Rubber and glass are: | Insulators |
| The rotation of electrons on their axis is the property called: | Electron spin |
| When a group of a dipoles are aligned they create a : | Magnetic Domain |
| In the united states alternating current goes through a complete cycle every ______ second. | 1/60 |
| What is the SI unit of magnetic field strength? | Tesla |
| The force between magnetic poles is proportional to the _______ of the magnetic pole strengths divided by the _______ of the distance. | Product and Square |
| What type of material can be made magnetic when placed in an external magnetic field? | Ferromagnetic |
| Like magnetic poles ______ and unlike magnetic poles ________ | Repel and Attract |
| Wood, Glass and plastic are _______ materials | Paramagnetic |
| The magnetic intensity of an electromagnet is greatly increased by the addition of a(n) _______ core. | Iron |
| The first batteries were made of stacks of _______ and _______ places sandwiches together. | Zinc and Copper |
| Oersted discovered that an electric current flowing through a wire would affect a ________ nearby. | Compass |
| Faradays experiments proved that a current could be induced by a magnetic field only if the field is: | Changing |
| A magnet created by a coil of wire is called a: | Solenoid |
| The magnitude of an induced current depends on the: | Angle of the conductor to the magnetic field, number of lumens in the conductor, velocity of the magnetic field as it moves past the conductor. (All of the above) |
| Lenz Law states that an induced current flows in a direction that ______ the action that produces it. | Opposes |
| An electrical component that works through self-induction is the __________ | Transformer |
| An electric current can be induced in a coil of wire if it is placed near an: | Electromagnet |
| A coil of wire placed between the two poles of a magnet with a strong magnetic field would be an: | Electric generator |
| A cummutator ring is used to charge ______ current to _______ current in an electric generator. | Alternating and Direct |
| The most efficient type of transformer is the | Shell-type transformer |
| A device that converts any form of energy into electrical energy is a source of | Electromotive force |
| The number of windings on the primary side of the step up transformer are always _______ the number of the windings on the secondary ?????? | Less than |
| Mechanical motion produces electric current in the _______. | Electric generator |
| The two basic types of induction are _______ induction and ________ induction. | Self and Mutual |
| A transformer converts: | Electrical potential to higher or lower intensity |
| A transformer has 100 cols on the primary side and 300 coils on the secondary side. What will the voltage be on the secondary side? | 360 V |
| The current to a transformer must be supplied by an | AC source |
| What is the mechanical source of energy for electrical generators that supply electricity to out cities? | Waterfalls, Steam from atomic power, windmills (All of the above) |
| The three main parts of the xray imaging system are the xray tube, ______ and ______. | Operating console and high voltage generator |
| The operating console contains circuits that are: | Low voltage only |
| Variations in power distribution to the xray machine are corrected by the: | Line voltage compensator |
| The first component to receive power in the xray circuit is the: | Autotransformer |
| The autotransformer has ______ windings. | One |
| The ________ circuit provides electrons for the xray tube current. | Filament |
| Thermionic emission at the filament determines the _________ across the xray tube during an exposure. | Milliamperage |
| A step down transformer is located in the _____ circuit. | Filament |
| The most accurate type of time is the _______ timer. | Electronic |
| The automatic exposure control terminates the exposure when: | sufficient radiation reaches the IR |
| The mAs timer is usually set to give the _______ mA at the ______ time. | Highest, and shortest |
| the step up transformer increases voltage _______ timers. | 500-1000. |
| A diode allows electrons to flow: | from the cathode to the anode |
| The high voltage generator contains the high voltage transformer, the ________ and the __________. | Filament transformer and rectifiers. |
| The difference in the wave/form between the primary and secondary sides of the high voltage transformer is the ________. | Amplitude |
| In modern imaging systems, the components for rectification are: | Solid state semiconductors |
| With half-wave rectification the current flows through the xray tube during the ______ part of the cycle. | Positive |
| Anode angle and Effective focal spot are: | Directly proportional (If one increases, the other increases) |
| Full wave rectified, three phase pulse units provide an xray beam at _____ per second. | 360 pulses |
| Voltage across the xray tube is most constant with: | High frequency generators |
| Most mammo units operate with _______ generators. | High frequency |
| A single phase waveform has _______ ripple. | 100% |
| Pre reading voltmeter is also known as _______ meter. | kVp Meter |
| The xray beam generated by the circuit with the ______ voltage ripple has the _______ quantity and quality. | Lowest and Highest |
| The principal disadvantage of the three phase equipment is: | Operation |
| What is the industry standard formula for calculating high voltage generation power? | Power = max mA (@100 kVp and 100 ms) x 100 kVp |
| The xray generator with the lowest power rating is the _______ imaging system. | Single phase |
| The most widely used support structure for the xray tube is the: | Ceiling support system |
| The external structure of the xray tube includes the support structure, the protective housing and the ________ | Glass envelope |
| As an xray tube ages, the inside can become coated with tungsten, which can cause _____ in the tube. | Arcing |
| The negative side of the xray tube holds the | Filament |
| What is the most common cause of tube failure? | Tungsten vaporization |
| The filament is made of | Tungsten |
| Thermionic emission at the filament creates a _________. | Space charge |
| When electrons bombard the target, _______ of their kinetic energy is converted to heat. | 99% |
| The target of the rotating anode is usually coated with a ____ alloy. | Tungsten |
| The rotating anode is turned by the: | Magnetic field |
Created by:
kevincan
Popular Physics sets