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Neonatal Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Fetus | before birth |
| Neonate | birth - 1 month |
| infant | 1 month - 1 year |
| Hemoglobin Electrophoresis | blood test to detect different types of hemoglobin in the blood |
| Coomb's test | Evaluates blood type incompatibility |
| L/S ration | test to determine lung maturity |
| Shake test | mixing of amniotic fluid and 95% ethanol and shaken to detect bubbles or surfactant |
| Transplacental (congenital) | results in microbes circulating in the mother's blood |
| Perinatal | acquired during or after delivery |
| Gravida | number of pregnancies |
| Para | number of pregnancies resulting in a potentially viable infant |
| Primigravida | woman's first pregnancy |
| Pregnancy induced hypertension | elevated blood pressure after 20th week of gestation |
| Pre-eclampsia | maternal hypertension accompanied by proteinuria or edema |
| Eclampsia | maternal hypertension accompanied by seizures or coma |
| Local anesthesia | injection of an anesthetic agent into the epidural space or spinal fluid to provide pain relief |
| Genral anesthesia | induced unconsciousness |
| Vertex or Cephalic | head first |
| Frank breech | buttocks first |
| complete breech | buttocks and lower extremities |
| Footling or incompleet breech | lower extremities |
| Transverse lie | shoulders first |
| Non-stress testing | recording fetal heart rate externally through the mother's abdominal wall |
| Stress test | assess placenta's function during uterine contractions and its ability to withstand labor and delivery |
| PROM | rupture of amniotic sac before 37 weeks |
| Placenta previa | abnormally low implantation of the placenta in uterus |
| Abruptio Placentae | premature separation of a normally implanted placenta from the uterine wall |
| Dubowitz method | combination of 7 physical and 6 neurological findings |
| New ballard | modification of dubowitz method for infants <28 wks or birth weight <1500 grams |
| APGAR score | common clinical method of evaluating infant immediately after birth |
| Cyanosis | 5 grams of desaturated hemoglobin per 100 mL of blood |
| Acrocyanosis | cyanosis of hands and feet |
| Nasal flaring | attempt to achieve airway dilation |
| Grunting | sound heard at the end of expiration just before rapid inspiration |
| Silverman Anderson scoring | used for grading severity of retractions and grunting |
| Dysmorphic features | abnormal appearance or shape |
| Scaphoid abdomen | hollow or concave abdomen usually due to bowels in the chest cavity |
| Omphalocele | condition in which protruding intestines are contained within a translucent membrane or sac and the umbilical cord originates within the membrane |
| Gastroschisis | usually lateral to the umbilical stump and the protruding intestines are not contained in a membrane |
| Myelomeningocele | defect of the central nervous system where hernial sac contained portion of the spinal cord, meninges, and cerebrospinal fluids outside of the body |
| Potter syndrome | atypical physical appearance of a fetus due to oligohydramnios |
| Mottled | irregular patchy discoloration of skin due to intense vasoconstriction |
| Petechiae & Purpura | non blanching purple discoloration |
Created by:
NemesisG
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