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bio ch. 13

TermDefinition
chemical potential energy stored in phosphate bonds (ATP, GTP)
potential energy stored in what form reduced form (NADH , FADH)
Glycosis found in cytosol of cell
reactants to products in glycoysis 6C glucose to 2 pyruvate (3C) 2 NAD + to 2 NADH 2 ADP + 2Pi to 2ATP
citric acid cycle in matrix of mitochondria
ETC and oxidative phosorylation across inner mitochondria membrane
inputs of citric acid cycle 2 acetyl CoA 3 NAD+ FAD GDP
outputs of citric acid cycle (from 1 acetyl group) 2 CO2 3 NADH 1 FADH2 1 GTP
1 acetyl CoA group consists of 2 C + CoA
coenzyme A does what delivers acetyl group to citric acid cycle enzyme that adds acetyl to 4C compound to make 6C citrate
matrix PH 8
intermembrane space PH 7
energy output after glycolysis 28 ATP/glucose
healthy cell has in cytosol [ATP] = 10X [ADP]
inputs to pyruvate metabolism 2x (3C pyruvate)
outputs to pyruvate metabolism 2x (1 CO2 + 2C in acetyl bound to CoA)
endosymbiosis hypothesis supported by 1. mitochondria has 2 membranes (as if engulfed) 2. matrix contains DNA, transcription, translation
number of proteins in mitochondria genome 13 protein coding genes
small metabolites enter through the outer membrane of mitochondria thru porins (proteins form small pores that do not change shape)
bigger molecules enter outer membrane of mitochondria thru transporter proteins
inner membrane space has chaperones and transporters very impermeable
lipid transport to mitochondria phospholipid exchange proteins bind to specific ER lipids, carry in cytosol, deposit into cytosolic leaflet of mitochondria. (there are more steps)
lipid found only in mitochondria cardiolipin (4 long tails)
cardolipin important for Ox. Phosphorylation cytocrome c
bad mitochondria can be eliminated by autophagy
peroxisomes surrounded by a lipid bilyer and has a compartment contains enzymes that produce, use, and eliminate H2O2
peroxisome function synthesis + degredation of many lipids (ex. Coenzyme A is a peroxisome for fatty acids)
peroxisome #'s change by fission or fusion.
Created by: lutmanlucy21
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