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image production
RADT 465: image production
| radiography's three prime factors: (source: ch.12, pg 313) | mAs, kV, and SID |
| contrast functions to (source: ch.12, pg 314) | make imaging details visible by differing brightness levels |
| while contrast pertains to image visibility, subject contrast pertains to (source: ch.12, pg 314) | various tissue densities, various thicknesses, and their differential absorption pertaining to the x-ray beam |
| the most important way to decrease scattered radiation is through (source: ch.12, pg 318) | beam restriction |
| the primary beam has a total filtration of _____ lead equivalent. (source: ch.12, pg 328) | 2.5 mm |
| pneumonia, ascites, and rheumatoid arthritis are considered (source: ch.12, pg 331) | additive diseases |
| osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and emphysema are considered (source: ch.12, pg 331) | destructive diseases |
| the anode heel effect is best used with a large IR, a short SID, and a _______ anode angle (source: ch.12, pg 332) | small |
| manipulating an image after an exposure has occurred is known as (source:ch.12, pg 334) | postprocessing |
| a control in the shades of gray (source: ch.12, pg 335) | widnow width |
| a control in brightness levels (source: ch.12, pg 335) | window level |
| ____ is a fixed technique factor used with AEC (source: ch.12, pg 339) | kV |
| ____ is used to evaluate image quality and a patient's exposure (source: ch.12, pg 340_ | EI |
| an IR's effect on image detail is termed (source: ch.12, pg 348) | spatial resolution |
| any disturbance of image visualization (source: ch.12, pg 350) | noise |
| image graininess (source: ch.12, pg 350) | quantum mottle |
| T/F: noise can be improved/removed in post processing. (source: ch.12, pg 350) | F |
| spatial resolution is expressed by (source: ch.12, pg 350) | lp/mm |
| T/F: OID effects magnification much more than SID (source: ch.12, pg 352) | T |
| image unsharpness may be termed in what three ways? (source: ch.12, pg 356) | penumbra, focal spot blur, edge gradient |
| two of the best ways to reduce voluntary motion include: (source: ch.12, pg 360) | good patient communication and suspending respiration upon exposure |
| three ways to reduce involuntary motion include: (source: ch.12, pg 360) | using a shorter exposure time, patient immobilization, and stabilization |
| for medicolegal purposes, what information must be provided on x-ray images? (source: ch.13, pg 367/368) | pt. name/ID number, lead marker, exam date, and the name of the instution where the exam was performed |
| T/F: pt.s birthday is required information to have on an x-ray image (source: ch.13, pg 368) | F, but is optional |
| IPs are located (source: ch.13, pg 368) | in the Bucky tray or under the anatomy |
| the PSP goes through what three cycles? (source: ch.13, pg 372) | exposure, scanning/reading, erasure |
| aliasing may also be termed (source:ch.13, pg 373) | Moiré effect |
| aliasing presents a __________ effect on an image. (source: ch.13, pg 373) | wrapping |
| an IP protects the ______ located within (source: ch.13, pg368) | PSP |
| If an IP&PSP haven't been used or have been stored for ______ or longer, then it needs erased before next use. (source: ch13, pg 374) | 48 hrs. |
| a graphic representation of pixel grayscale value distribution is termed: (source: ch.13, pg 377) | histogram |
| what system displays an image almost immediately after an exposure? (source: ch.13, pg 382) | DR |
| what causes CR to be delayed? (source: ch.13, pg 382) | the two-step process in needing to scan/read IP before the image can be displayed |
| indirect or direct capturing system describes (source: ch.13, pg 381) | digital FPD |
| the heated ________ filament is the electron source. (source: ch.13, pg 388) | cathode |
| ______________ is also known as braking radiation. (source: ch.13, pg 288) | Bremsstrahlung |
| in bremsstrahlung radiation, the energy lost during its course of action is given up in the form of (source: ch.13, pg 388) | x-ray photons |
| which type of radiation accounts for 70-90% of the x-ray beam? (source: ch.13, pg 388) | Bremsstrahlung |
| this type of radiation will encounter a tungsten atom, ejecting a K shell electron, and then leaves a vacancy in that sheel. | Characteristic radiation |
| characteristic radiation accounts for ___-___% of x-ray production. (source: ch.13, pg 389) | 10-30% |
| all electromagnetic radiations will have the same velocity, but different ______________. (source: ch.13, pg 389) | wavelengths |
| ionizing potential _______ with a shorter wavelength and a higher frequency. (source: ch.13, pg 390) | increases |
| measurement of frequency (source: ch.13, pg 389-390) | hertz (Hz) |
| ______ affects x-ray beam quantity. (source: ch.13, pg 390) | mAs |
| ______ affects x-ray beam quality, (source: ch.13, pg 390) | kVp |
| the two photon interactions with the x-ray tube: (source: ch.13, pg 388) | Bremsstrahlung and chacteristic |
| the three photon interactions with matter: (source: ch.13, pg 391-392) | photoelectric effect, coherent/classical scatter, and compton scatter |
| as x-ray photons get absorbed by tissue this is called (source: ch.13, pg 391) | attenuation |
| which photon interaction significantly contributes to patient dose? (source: ch.13, pg 391) | photoelectric effect |
| which photon interaction will contribute to image fog and personnel radiation hazard? (source: ch.13, pg 391) | compton scatter |
| what x-ray component functions to form electrical energy from mechanical energy? (source: ch.13, pg 394) | generator |
| what x-ray component functions to form mechanical energy from electrical energy? (source: ch.13, pg 394) | motor |
| when an electrical current flows in one direction through a conductor this is know as? (source: ch.13, pg 394-395) | a direct current (DC) |
| transformers operate on ___________ induction (source: ch.13, pg 397) | mutual |
| the type of transformer that increases voltage is known as a (source: ch.13, pg 397) | step-up/high voltage transformer |
| what type of transformer is found in the x-ray filament circuit? (source: ch.13, pg 398) | step-down transformer |
| an autotransformer operates on __________ induction. (source: ch.13, pg 398) | self |
| the function of an autotransformer is to (source: ch.13, pg 398) | provide a kV selection |
| the _____ end of the x-ray tube is the positive end. (source: ch.13, pg 407) | anode |
| the _____ end of the x-ray tube is the negative end. (source: ch.13, pg 407) | cathode |
| the boiling off of tungsten electrons is known as (source: ch.13, pg 408) | thermionic emission |
| _______ is usually chosen as the x-ray tube target material. (source: ch.13, pg 409) | tungsten |
| the ______ focal spot is smaller than the _____ focal spot. (source: ch.13, pg 411) | effective, actual |
| the three main portions of the x-ray tube: (source: ch.13, pg 422) | primary/low voltage circuit, primary circuit, and the secondary/high voltage circuit |
| what would serve to terminate an exposure if the AEC were to fail? (source: ch.13, pg 424) | backup timer |
| a _______ system has a fixed spatial resolution. (source: ch.13, pg 444) | direct |
| DEL has a ___% fill factor. (source: ch.13, pg 444) | 75 |
| DIgital fluoroscopy offers ____ ______, which is a technique used in guidewire/catheter placement procedures. (source: ch.13, pg 451) | road mapping |
| what type of fluoroscopy offers a pulsed x-ray beam? (source: chapter:13, pg 451) | flat panel |
| computed tomography consists of two dimensional images produced in terms of which axis of the body? (source: ch.13, pg 463) | long axis |
| _____ images demonstrate structures in an inferior/superior relationship. (source: ch.13, pg 464) | axial |
| _____ images demonstrate structures in an anterior/posterior relationship. (source: ch.13, pg 464) | coronal |
| ____ images demonstrate structures in a medial/lateral relationship. (source: ch.13, pg 464) | sagittal |
| the unit used to express beam attenuation of various tissues is the (source: ch13, pg 464) | Hounsfield Unit (HU) |
| dust on PSP can create what artifact on an image? (source: ch.13, pg 480) | pinhole |
| Sources: | Saia, D.A.(2018). Radiography Prep (9th ed). McGraw-Hill. |
Created by:
agoldman1
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