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Pharm Chapter 35

TermDefinition
Diabetes mellitus A group of diseases characterized by hyperglycemia (fasting plasma glucose level >100 mg/dL) and abnormalities in fat, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism that lead to microvascular, macrovascular, and neuropathic complications.
Hyperglycemia Fasting plasma glucose level of >100mg/dL.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus Insulin dependent.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus Non insulin dependent.
Gestational diabetes mellitus Women who show abnormal glucose tolerance during pregnancy.
Impaired glucose tolerance Blood glucose is raised beyond normal levels, but not high enough to warrant a diabetes diagnosis
Impaired fasting glucose When blood glucose levels in the body are raised, but are not high enough to mean that the person has diabetes
Prediabetes The intermediate stage between normal glucose homeostasis and diabetes.
Microvascular complications Those that arise from destruction of capillaries in the eyes, kidneys, and peripheral nerve damage.
Macrovascular complications Those associated with atherosclerosis of middle to large arteries, such as those in the heart and brain.
Neuropathies May first be observed as numbness or tingling of the extremities (paresthesia), loss of sensation, orthostatic hypotension, impotence, vaginal yeast (candidiasis) infections, and difficulty in controlling urination (neurogenic bladder).
Paresthesia Numbess or tingling of the extremities.
Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) Nutrition-based treatment provided by a registered dietitian nutritionist.” It includes “a nutrition diagnosis as well as therapeutic and counseling services to help manage diabetes.”
Hypoglycemia Blood glucose level less than 70 mg/dL.
Intensive therapy Describes a comprehensive program of diabetes care that includes patient-centered communication, a team approach to care, self-monitoring of blood glucose four or more times daily.
Created by: madelyn.willis1
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