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Module 6

UNIT 1 Correlation and Experimentation

TermDefinition
correlation a measure of the extent to which two factors vary together, and thus of how well either factor predicts the other.
correlation coefficient a statistical index of the relationship between two things (from -1.00 to +1.00).
illusory correlation perceiving a relationship where none exists, or perceiving a stronger-than-actual relationship.
regression toward the mean he tendency for extreme or unusual scores ore events to fall back (regress) toward the average.
experiment a research method in which an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable).
experimental group in an experiment, the group exposed to the treatment, that is, to one version of the independent variable.
control group in an experiment, the group not exposed to the treatment; contrasts with the experimental group and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment.
random assignment assigning participants to experimental and control groups by chance, thus minimizing preexisting differences between the different groups.
double-blind procedure an experimental procedure in which both the research staff are ignorant (blind) about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo. commonly used in drug-evaluation studies.
placebo experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition, which the recipient assumes is an active agent.
independent variable in an experiment, the factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied.
confounding variable a factor other than the factor being studied that might influence a study’s results.
dependent variable in an experiment, the outcome that is measured; the variable that may change when the independent variable is manipulated.
validity the extent to which a test or experiment measures or predicts what it is supposed to.
Created by: chujacqueline
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