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Auditory System
All about how we hear things
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Parts of the Outer Ear | Pinna, Auditory Canal, Tymphanic Membrane |
| Parts of the Middle Ear | Ossicles (Three tiny bones called the Malleus, Incus, and Stapes) |
| Parts of the Inner Ear | Semi-Circular Canals, Cochlea |
| Tymphanic Membrane | Vibrates when a sound wave hits it causing the ossicles to move and the Stapes presses into the Oval Window |
| Oval Window | The membrane of the Cochlea |
| Cochlea | A swirl shaped structure filled with fluid and contains sensory receptor cells which react when the Stapes moves against the oval window |
| Basiliar Membrane | A thin strip of tissue in the Cochlea contains the sensory receptor cells |
| Corti | Sits on top of the Basiliar Membrane and includes three rows of outer cells and one row of inner hair cells |
| Sensory Receptor Cells | Sense the vibrations and turn them into action potential or neural spikes |
| Neural Spikes | Action potential that is transported along the auditory nerve to higher centers of the auditory pathways |
| High Frequency | High Pitched |
| Low Frequency | Low Pitched |
| Amplitude of A Sound Wave | Associated with the loudness of a sound |
| Temporal Theory | Frequency is coded by the activity level of a sensory neuron |
| Place Theory | Suggests that different portions of the Basiliar membrane are sensitive to sounds of different frequencies |
| Monaural Cues | One Eared Cues. Each Pinna interacts with sound waves differently which is crucial to locating sounds from different directions |
| Binaural Cues | Two Eared Cues. Provides info on sound along a horizontal axis using different patterns of vibration on the eardrum |
| Interaural Cues | A sound coming from the right side of your ears is more intense than the left ear |
| Interaural Timing | The small difference in the time at which a given sound wave arrives at each ear |
| Congenital Deafness | Deafness you are born with |
| Conductive Deafness | Due to a problem delivering sound to the Cochlea |
| Sensorineural Hearing Loss | The most common cause of hearing loss and is due to aging, head trauma, acoustic trauma, infections and diseases |
Created by:
edrag26
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