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Psych Test 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what FOR has both facilitative and directive leadership style? | Developmental |
| What goes into generalizing? | Cognitive learning aspects Patterns of responses among members |
| What do cognitive learning aspects address? | What the individuals learn about themselves? What the individuals learn about each other? |
| What do patterns of responses among members address? | What opinions do they have in common? What were the common elements? What were the differences or disagreements? What was the group’s energy? |
| Summary | Review goals, content and the process used Can someone explain what happened in group Listen to what they say then reiterate important points they missed or something you want to highlight |
| Thank members and end group on time If it gets derailed try to merge them to still emphasize the main point | Summarizing the session |
| Application | What section of cole's 7 steps does this statement belong? "The therapist can use limited self-exposure to assist the group members" |
| What section of cole's 7 steps does this statement belong? "The materials used in the group are collected" | Activity |
| Introduction | What section of cole's 7 steps does this statement belong? "The purpose of the group is identified" |
| Introduction | What section of cole's 7 steps does this statement belong? "A warm-up activity is provided" |
| What section of cole's 7 steps does this statement belong? "Each member is asked to state their name" | Introduction |
| Generalizing | What section of cole's 7 steps does this statement belong? "Similarities and differences between the members are discussed" |
| Concreteness | The ability to elicit specific information about a client or a problem. -Ask open-ended questions - Encourage communication and interaction - Begin question with “what” or “how” - Avoid “why” or "did" questions |
| Leadership Means | Group members have confidence in the leader Leaders encourage enthusiasm Leaders encourage interaction |
| What FOR has both Facilitative and Directive leadership style? | Developmental FOR |
| What are advantages to co leadership | - Mutual support - Increased objectivity - 2 eyes on the members, more objective data - Collective knowledge - more ideas - Role Models - Assume different roles - you can push discussion, the other can next time |
| Group Decision making strategies | Identification of an expert member who leads the group decision Identification of an average of the members’ opinions Decision by a minority of the group Democratic decision Consensus - hardest to reach, takes time |
| Decision by authority without discussion Decision by authority after discussion | When leader takes over decisions making strategies |
| Group process | - not content, looks at interpersonal relationships and how the group worked together and with the leader - the experience - can help ID what needs have to be addressed |
| Needs Assessment | A systematic set of procedures that show an area of need for a population |
| Steps in performing a needs assessment | Identify participants Gather background info./ use secondary data Analyze data Write profile |
| When do you perform a Needs Assessment? | Chronic populations Populations with continual need (i.e. substance recovery groups) |
| 1. Introduction 2. Activity 3. Sharing 4. Processing 5. Generalizing 6. Application 7. Summary | Cole's 7 Steps |
| What Cole's 7 Step goes first? Processing or Generalizing | Processing |
| What Coles 7 Step goes first? Sharing or Summary | Sharing |
| When you ask questions what words should you NOT use? | Why? How did you feel about this? |
| When asking questions what words SHOULD you use? | What? How? |
| What is included in the Introduction? | Introduction / Warm-up Setting the Mood ( env. , leader, media) Expectations of the Group Explaining the Purpose Clearly Brief Outline of the Session (time frame, procedure, media) |
| What's included in the activity? | Steps One-third of the total session Therapeutic group goals Adaptation of activity |
| How do you adapt an activity? | Activity analysis Activity synthesis - putting all of it together to flow Systemically - first, then, repeat directions if needed Feedback from the group Grade up or down |
| What goes into Sharing? | Share Item /Experience Acknowledge contribution Encourage, but allow individuals to refuse Model sharing Go around in a circle, start with a volunteer |
| What goes into Processing? | Members express how they feel about the experience |
| What step addresses nonverbal emotions - staring at the table not talking, arms crossed, not making eye contact | Processing |
| What goes into application? | Applying it to their life Link it back to the goals - we learned about emotional regulation skills, tell me 2 you might apply in you’re life Self disclosure is always limited - share something that’s common but not unusual, |
| What section of cole's 7 steps does this statement belong? "The therapist identifies the name of the group" | Introduction |
| Activity | What section of cole's 7 steps does this statement belong? "This should be kept simple and short, accounting for about 15 to 20 minutes of the group" |
| What section of cole's 7 steps does this statement belong? "Group members are invited to show their final “product” to the others in the group" | Sharing |
| Processing | What section of cole's 7 steps does this statement belong? "Group members are asked to share their feelings about the experience, leader and other members" |
| What section of cole's 7 steps does this statement belong? "Group members are asked questions to generate information regarding the cognitive learning aspects of the group" | Generalizing |
| Introduction | What section of cole's 7 steps does this statement belong? "A brief outline of the group is shared with the members" |
| What section of cole's 7 steps does this statement belong? "The therapist provides their name and title" | Introduction |
| Sharing | What section of cole's 7 steps does this statement belong? "Group members are invited to tell others about their experience with the activity" |
| What section of cole's 7 steps does this statement belong? "All group members are encouraged, but not forced to participate" | Sharing |
| Sharing | What section of cole's 7 steps does this statement belong? "All group members are thanked for their participation" |
| What section of cole's 7 steps does this statement belong? "A discussion of the nonverbal aspects of the group are discussed" | Processing |
| What section of cole's 7 steps does this statement belong? "Group members are asked to identify how they can use the information learned from group in their everyday lives" | Application |
| What section of cole's 7 steps does this statement belong? "This is often the most difficult step for students" | Processing |
| What section of cole's 7 steps does this statement belong? "The therapist generates a few general principles from the comments and reactions made by the group" | Summary |
| Summary | What section of cole's 7 steps does this statement belong? "The therapist identifies the significance of the experience" |
| OT group leadership styles | Directive Facilitative Advisory |
| Directive Leadership is useful with clients: | Useful with clients: Are lowering functioning (not just cognitive and motivation but includes either) If specific goals need to be met Cognitive behavioral, applied behavioral, Allens, Sensorimotor, Developmental |
| Directive Leadership can go under which Models | PEOP, KAWA, EHP |
| Facilitative Leadership is useful with clients: | Useful with clients: Have middle to high level of cognition & Have insight Are capable of making choices - need guidance Are able to take on some responsibility Can openly discuss goals - may want to change goals Psychodynamic, Developmental |
| What Leadership style can be used in all Models: MOHO,EHP, PEOP, KAWA, | Facilitative |
| Is "Share one thing you enjoyed about the experience." a well written sharing question? | Yes |
| s "Who liked the activity? (What part of the activity did you like the most?)." a well written sharing question? | No |
| Is "How did sharing your personal values make you feel?" a well written processing question? | Yes |
| Is "Did completing the values activity make you feel frustrated? (How did the values activity make you feel?)?" a well written processing question? | No |
| Is "Who can tell me an emotion they felt?" a well written processing question? | No |
| Is "What is something new you learned about the importance of values?" a well written generalizing question? | Yes |
| Is "How many of you had the same idea? (What similarities/differences did you see w each other?)" a well written generalizing question? | No |
| Is "Why did you choose that method of completing the activity? (Can you explain what method you used?)" a well written generalizing question? | No |
| Is "How will your values contribute to your professional identity?" a good application question? | Yes |
| Is "Can you apply what we did today to your own life?" a good application question? | No |
| Is "An important point to remember is that we all have different values and should respect what is important to each other." A good summary? | Yes |
| Is "In summary, everyone did good. Thanks for coming. (Summarize the important aspects & thank for participating)" a good summary? | No |
| How many stages of counseling? | 3 stages |
| Stage 1 counseling skills involve: | Problem definition: ( OT eval, Group Orientation ) what's going on Attending Concreteness Primary Accurate Empathy (PAE) |
| Attending involves: | Body language Posture Seating Position Eye contact Facial expression |
| Primary Accurate Empathy (PAE) involves: | Reflection of feeling and content expressed by the client. - Does not reach below the surface level - It reflects, but does not repeat - The emotion needs to be identified accurately *“You feel___(feeling)__ because… (thoughts/behaviors)” |
| Stage 2 of counseling skills involve: | Immediacy Advanced Accurate Empathy (AAE) Confrontation Self-Disclosure |
| Immediacy involves: | Direct communication between therapist and client Address any elephants in the room Helps members to examine their feelings *“What is happening right now?” Are you feeling ______ towards me because of __________? |
| Advanced Accurate Empathy (AAE) involves: | Brings feelings and thoughts client implies to the forefront - Form a Hypothesis Become more aware of hidden/forbidden feelings See patterns of behavior “Could it be that…” or “It seems likely that…” or “I could be wrong, but…” |
| Confrontation | - Resolution of discrepancies, distortions, games, or smoke screens - Therapist points out maladaptive behavior or inconsistent actions - Therapist invites the client to explain or make sense of the discrepancy *“On one hand you _____ , but on th |
| Self Disclosure | - Direct vs. Indirect -Situation must be resolved - Offer a different perspective *“I know what you mean because I too had a similar experience and this is how I handled it…. What from my story can you use to handle your situation?” |
| True or False: the leader is only in charge for directive leadership styles? | False |
| Advisory Leadership style | High insight, cognition, and motivation Normally working in the community They want to run that group so you ensure they understand group but you stay to watch - Used a lot with caregivers who have caregiver burnout and want to run a group |
| What Models can be used under the Advisory Leadership style? | MOHO, PEOP |
| Disadvantages to co -leadership | - Split - leaders might do different things, need to be on the same page from the start - Competition - tries to be better than the other leader - Unequal contribution - if one person does more work than the other |
| Stages of co leadership | Formative - get to know each other, bring ideas to the table Developmental - say no I’m doing this, butting heads Stabilization - work great together, equal contribution, Refreshment - go back to lectures and look at ways to better old ideas |
| Conflict resolution | Arguing - form of power control Avoiding - dont wanna talk about it Want compromise - a good compromise makes everyone mad - both sides have to give something up, usually a group that’s worked together for a long period of time |
| Group dynamics | Forces that influence the interrelationships of members and affect group outcome - Groups have predictable stages of development - This should influence the OT as the leader |
| Group development | Groups have predictable stage of development |
| Tuckman | 5 stages: Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, Reforming |
| Bion | 3 stages: Flight , Fight, Unite |
| Yalom | 3 stages: Orientation, Conflict, Cohesive maturity |
| Schutz | 3 stages: Inclusion, Interaction, Affection |
| What is the ultimate goal for groups? | Cohesiveness |
| Norms | They are in every group |
| Explicit Norm | State it to people, telling people to come on time/respect others |
| Non-explicit Norm | Don’t state it, expect people to come in wearing proper clothes, things we assume people will do, could become an explicit norm if not followed |
| Monopolist | Member doesn’t stop talking and let anyone else share, you need to step in and let others in the group talk as well doesn’t care what they’re talking about as long as they’re talking |
| Silent member | Member doesn’t talk at all, group will become upset with that person, they’re not pulling their weight in that group |
| Self deprecator | Member believes nothing is good enough, yours looks so much better, always put self down - need to get them to accept compliments |
| Help rejecting complainer | Member says "that won’t work for me I already tried that", "yes but…, want help but nothing ever works", don’t give them advice or let the group let them give advice, acknowledge what they’re saying and move on |
| Narcissistic/Entitled | Member believes its all about them, fragile & seeking group’s acceptance and admiration , Acknowledge good things done then move to next person. Be gentle |
| Psychotic behavior | Member needs immediate removal, anyone who is having psychotic behavior if they are disrupting the group or risking the safety of others |
| Termination of group | Review the group experience, goals, etc Review concerns Use counseling skills Finish any unfinished business Feedback Generalize learning |
Created by:
bzisman96
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