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Matter
Science: Matter Vocab
| Matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space |
| Mass | A measure of how much matter is in an object |
| Volume | The amount of space that matter occupies |
| Weight | A measure of the force of gravity acting on an object |
| Physical Property | A characteristic of a pure substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance |
| Conductivity | The measure of the ease at which an electric charge or heat can pass through material |
| Ductility | A term used to describe a material that can be pulled out into a long wire |
| Solubility | A measure of how much solute can dissolve in a given solvent at a given temperature |
| Density | The measurement of how much mass of a substance is contained in a given volume |
| Chemical Property | A characteristic of a substance that describes its ability to change into different substances |
| Flammability | A measure of how quickly a substance or specific material is capable of catching fire and burning |
| Reactivity | The ease and speed with which an element combines, or reacts, with other elements and compounds |
| Physical Change | A change that alters the form or appearance of a material but does not make the material into another substance |
| Solid | A state of matter that has a definite shape and a definite volume |
| Liquid | A state of matter that has no definite shape but has a definite volume |
| Gas | A state of matter with no definite shape or volume |
| Amorphous | Without a clearly defined shape or form |
| Crystalline | Having the structure and form of a crystal; composed of crystals |
| Boyle's Law | A principle that describes the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at a constant temperature |
| Charles' Law | A principle that describes the relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas at a constant pressure |
| Plasma | an ionized gas consisting of positive ions and free electrons in proportions resulting in more or less no overall electric charge, typically at low pressures or at very high temperatures |
| Melting Point | The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid; the same as the freezing point, or temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid |
| Endothermic Reaction | A reaction that absorbs energy |
| Exothermic Reaction | A reaction that releases energy, usually in the form of heat |
| Freezing Point | The temperature at which a liquid freezes |
| Vaporization | The change of state from a liquid to a gas |
| Evaporation | The process by which molecules at the surface of a liquid absorb enough energy to change to a gas |
| Condensation | The change in state from a gas to a liquid |
| Sublimation | The change in state from a solid directly to a gas without passing through the liquid state |
| Element | A pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical or physical means |
| Compound | A substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a specific ratio, or proportion |
| Mixture | Two or more substances that are together in the same place but their atoms are not chemically bonded |
| Heterogenous | Diverse in character or content |
| Homogeneous | Of the same kind; alike |
| Centrifuge | A machine with a rapidly rotating container that applies centrifugal force to its contents, typically to separate fluids of different densities or liquids from solids |
| Distillation | The action of purifying a liquid by a process of heating and cooling |
| Filter | A porous device for removing impurities or solid particles from a liquid or gas passed through it |
| Solution | A mixture containing a solvent and at least one solute that has the same properties throughout; a mixture in which one substance is dissolved in another |
| Solute | The part of a solution that is dissolved by a solvent |
| Solvent | The part of a solution that is usually present in the largest amount and dissolves a solute |
| Chemical Change | A change in which one or more substances combine or break apart to form new substances |
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