is both expressive (speaking and writing) and receptive (listening and reading).

requires the sender of a message to "encode" or to put thoughts into symbolic form. Expressive language most often takes the form of spoken or written words, but it may also be represented through gestures, art, pictures, video or dramatization.

by comparison, requires the receiver of a message to "decode" or unlock the code of the spoken or written communication used by the sender in order to understand the message.

refers to sounds used to express language. It includes speech features known as prosodic features, or what we sometimes call "speaking with expression.”

Prosody: (expressive spoken language)

is described in terms of features such as intonation, stress, and juncture,

refers to how one's vocal pitch rises or falls in speaking

refers to the emphasis someone puts on a word

Relates to slight pauses between parts of spoken words. Ex: difference between “I scream” and “ice cream”

the smallest unit of sound in a spoken language that, when changed, changes meaning

young children who are aware of phonemes, individual sounds in spoken words, as well as alphabet letters and their associated sounds, are more likely to succeed in early reading and writing

is a printed or visual symbol that represents a phoneme, usually a letter such as a, r, m, 5, or o

refers to spelling patterns used in English, linking letters (graphemes) to sounds (phonemes) in spoken language (Apel, 2011; Snow, Griffin, & Burns, 2005). Orthography also includes punctuation and graphic features such as directionality, orientation,

refers to breaking words apart in order to study the structures that create meaning

sometimes called a root word, stands alone as a word having meaning. Words such as ball, peninsula, and chain consist of a single morpheme and can stand alone having its own meaning.

although an equally meaningful unit of language, must be connected to a free or another bound morpheme to have meaning. Examples include -ocracy, -ante, and bio-, as well as other prefixes and suffixes such as re-, -ed, and -es.

involves an understanding of how words are combined into larger language structures, such as phrases and sentences.

is defined as a rule system for describing the structure or organization of language.

involves connecting one's world knowledge background experiences, inter est, attitudes, and perspectives with spoken or written language to construct meaning

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Educ322 Ch. 2

These flashcards are for pages 28-35

Term	Definition
Language:	is both expressive (speaking and writing) and receptive (listening and reading).
Expressive language:	requires the sender of a message to "encode" or to put thoughts into symbolic form. Expressive language most often takes the form of spoken or written words, but it may also be represented through gestures, art, pictures, video or dramatization.
Receptive language:	by comparison, requires the receiver of a message to "decode" or unlock the code of the spoken or written communication used by the sender in order to understand the message.
Phonology:	refers to sounds used to express language. It includes speech features known as prosodic features, or what we sometimes call "speaking with expression.”
Prosody: (expressive spoken language)	is described in terms of features such as intonation, stress, and juncture,
Intonation:	refers to how one's vocal pitch rises or falls in speaking
Stress:	refers to the emphasis someone puts on a word
Juncture:	Relates to slight pauses between parts of spoken words. Ex: difference between “I scream” and “ice cream”
phoneme:	the smallest unit of sound in a spoken language that, when changed, changes meaning
phonemic awareness:	young children who are aware of phonemes, individual sounds in spoken words, as well as alphabet letters and their associated sounds, are more likely to succeed in early reading and writing
grapheme:	is a printed or visual symbol that represents a phoneme, usually a letter such as a, r, m, 5, or o
Orthography:	refers to spelling patterns used in English, linking letters (graphemes) to sounds (phonemes) in spoken language (Apel, 2011; Snow, Griffin, & Burns, 2005). Orthography also includes punctuation and graphic features such as directionality, orientation,
Morphology:	refers to breaking words apart in order to study the structures that create meaning
A free morpheme	sometimes called a root word, stands alone as a word having meaning. Words such as ball, peninsula, and chain consist of a single morpheme and can stand alone having its own meaning.
A bound morpheme	although an equally meaningful unit of language, must be connected to a free or another bound morpheme to have meaning. Examples include -ocracy, -ante, and bio-, as well as other prefixes and suffixes such as re-, -ed, and -es.
Syntax:	involves an understanding of how words are combined into larger language structures, such as phrases and sentences.
Grammar:	is defined as a rule system for describing the structure or organization of language.
Semantics:	involves connecting one's world knowledge background experiences, inter est, attitudes, and perspectives with spoken or written language to construct meaning

Created by: addiegirl

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