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Chapter 7
Chapter 7 term and definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ampule | A sealed glass container that usually contains a single dose of medicine. The top of the ampule must be broken off to open the container. |
| aromatic water | A mixture of distilled water with an aromatic volatile oil. |
| Buccal | Pertaining to the inside of the cheek. |
| buffered tablet | A tablet that prevents ulceration or irritation of the stomach wall. |
| Caplet | A tablet shaped like a capsule. |
| Capsule | A solid dosage form in which the drug is enclosed in either a hard or soft shell of soluble material. |
| dosage strength | The amount of medication per unit of measure. |
| Cream | A semisolid emulsion of either the oil-in-water or the water-in-oil type, ordinarily intended for topical use. |
| Elixir | A clear, sweetened, hydroalcoholic liquid intended for oral use. |
| Emulsion | A system containing two liquids that cannot be mixed together in which one is dispersed, in the form of very small globules, throughout the other. |
| enteric-coated tablet | A tablet covered in a special coating to protect it from stomach acid, allowing the drug to dissolve in the intestines. |
| Fluidextract | A pharmacopeial liquid preparation of vegetable drugs, made by filtration, containing alcohol as a solvent or as a preservative, or both. |
| Form | The structure and composition of a drug. |
| Gavage | Feeding with a stomach tube. |
| Gel | A jelly or the solid or semisolid phase of a colloidal solution. |
| Gelcap | An oil-based medication that is enclosed in a soft gelatin capsule. |
| Granule | A very small pill, usually gelatin- or sugar-coated, containing a drug to be given in a small dose |
| induration | An excessive hardening or firmness of any body site. It is one of the signs of inflammation. |
| intradermal injection | Between the layers of the skin. A dose of an agent administered between the layers of the skin. |
| intramuscular injection | Inside a muscle. Normally used in the context of an injection given into a muscle |
| intravenous injection | Into a vein. Most commonly used in the context of an injection. |
| Liniment | A liquid preparation for external use, usually applied by friction to the skin. |
| Lotion | A semisolid preparation applied externally to protect the skin or to treat a dermatologic disorder. |
| Lozenge | A small, disk-shaped tablet composed of solidifying paste containing an astringent, an antiseptic, or an oil-based drug used for local treatment of the mouth or throat. It is held in the mouth until dissolved. Also known as a troche. |
| Mixture | A mutual incorporation of two or more substances, without chemical union, in which the physical characteristics of each of the components are retained. |
| Ointment | A semisolid preparation that usually contains medicinal substances and is intended for external application. |
| Oral | Pertaining to the mouth. Medication given by mouth. |
| Paste | A topical, semisolid formulation containing a pharmacologically active ingredient in a fatty base. |
| Parenteral | Administration by some means other than through the gastrointestinal tract; referring particularly to introduction of substances into an organism by intravenous, subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intramedullary injection. |
| Pill | A small, globular mass of soluble material containing a medicinal substance to be swallowed. |
| Plaster | A solid preparation that can be spread when heated and that becomes adhesive at the temperature of the body. |
| Powder | A dry mass of minute separate particles of any substance. |
| Solution | A liquid dosage form in which active ingredients are dissolved in a liquid vehicle. |
| Spirit | An alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solution of volatile substances; also called an essence. |
| subcutaneous injection | The administration of medication by means of a needle and syringe into the layer of fat and blood vessels beneath the skin. |
| Sublingual | Pertaining to the area under the tongue |
| supply dosage | Refers to both the dosage strength and the form of the drug: the number of measured units per tablet of the concentration of a drug. |
| Suspension | A liquid dosage form that contains solid drug particles floating in a liquid medium. |
| Suppository | A small, solid body shaped for ready introduction into one of the orifices of the body other than the oral cavity made of a substance, usually medicated, that is solid at ordinary temperature but melts at body temperature. |
| sustained release (SR) | A capsule that provides a controlled release of the dosage over a designated period of time. |
| Syrup | A liquid preparation in a concentrated aqueous solution of a sugar used for medicinal purposes or to add flavor to a substance. |
| Tablet | A solid dosage form containing medicinal substances with or without suitable diluents. |
| Tincture | An alcoholic solution prepared from vegetable materials or from chemical substances. |
| Topical | Pertaining to a drug that is applied to the surface of the body. |
| total volume | The quantity contained in a package. |
| Troche | A small, disk-shaped tablet composed of solidifying paste containing an astringent, antiseptic, or oil-based drug used for local treatment of the mouth or throat. It is held in the mouth until dissolved. Also known as a lozenge. |
| Vial | A small glass or plastic bottle intended to hold medicine. |
| Z-track method | A method of im inj of medication in which the skin must be pulled to one side before the tissue is grasped for the injection. It is used when a drug is highly irritating to subcutaneous tissues or has the ability to permanently stain the skin. |
| Wheal | An intensely itchy skin eruption larger than a hive |
| Point | Sharpened end of the needle |
| Bevel | Angled opened tip of needle |
| Lumen | Opening of the needle |
| Shaft | The hollow steel tube through which medication passes |
| Hub | Base of the needle that screws onto the syringe |
| Hilt | The point at which the shaft attaches to the hub |
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