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Cardio Pulm
Normal CV structure
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the great vessels that attach to the heart? | Superior Vena Cava, Inferior Vena Cava, Aorta, Pulmonary arteries, Pulmonary Veins |
| Which vessel returns deoxygentated blood from UE, head, neck, and upper chest? | SVC |
| Which vessel returns deoxygentated blood from LE, lower chest, abdomen, and legs? | IVC |
| What carries deoxygentated blood from right ventricle to the lungs? | pulmonary artery |
| What carries oxygentated blood from the lungs to the left atrium? | pulmonary veins |
| What is the largest vessel in the body? | Aorta |
| What vessel carries oxygentaed blood from the heart to the body? | aorta |
| What part of the aorta carries blood to the head, neck, and arms via carotid arteries and subclavian? | ascending aorta |
| What part of the aorta carries blood to the abdominal region, LE, and visceral region? | descending aorta |
| This surface of the heart is made up primarily of the right atrium and ventricle. | sternocostal surface |
| What surface of the heart is made up primarily of the left ventricle and part of the right ventricle? | diaphragmatic surface |
| What surface of the heart is made up largely of the left ventricle and cardiac notch area of the left lung? | pulmonary surface |
| This includes the tip of the left ventricle and lies around the 5th intercostal space, mid clavicular line. | Apex of the heart |
| the base of the hear lies adjacent to the vertebral border of __-__. | T6-9 |
| What part of the heart is formed primarily of the left atrium and a small portion of the right atrium? | the base |
| How many layers of the heart are there? Name them. | 3, epicardium, endocardium, myocardium |
| What is the outermost layer of the heart? | epicardium |
| What layer of the heart are the coronary arteries located in? | epicardium |
| This is the thickest layer of the muscle wall of the heart, and is responsible for muscle contraction of each heart beat. | myocardium |
| This is the area of damage during an MI. | myocardium |
| What is the thin innermost layer of the heart? | endocardium |
| What layer of the heart contains endothelial tissue that lines cardiac chambers and valves? | endocardium |
| What is the double walled connective tissue sac (fibrous and serous layers) that surround the heart and protect against trauma or infection? | pericardial sac |
| What heart chamber receives deoxygentated blood through the vena cava , and coronary arteries via the coronary sinus, and pumps blood through a tricuspid valve? | right atrium |
| What heart chamber Recieves deoxygentated blood from the right atrium via the tricuspid valve, and pumps blood though the pulmonic valve to lungs? | right ventricle |
| What chamber receives oxygenated blood from the 4 valveless openings of the pulmonary veins,and pumps oxygenated blood forward through the mitral valve? | left atrium |
| What chamber receives blood from the left atrium via the mitral valve and pumps blood through the aortic valve to the aorta, coronary arteries, and rest of systemic circulation? | left ventricle |
| What creates the heart sounds heard on examination with a stethoscope? | closing of the valves |
| How may tricuspid cardiac valves are there? | 3 |
| How many bicuspid cardiac valves are there? | 1 (mitral valve) |
| Where kind of valve is located between the right atrium and ventricle? What other valves are tricuspid? | tricuspid, pulmonic and aortic |
| Where is the mitral(bicuspid) valve located? | between the left atrium and left ventricle |
| Blood supply to the heart is provided by what? | coronary arteries |
| What areas of the heart does the left anterior descending artery supply? | left ventricle, interventricular septum, right bundle branch, part of the left bundle branch, and the area around the apex |
| What supplies blood to the left ventricle, posterior fascicle of the left bundle branch, and left atrium? | circumflex artery |
| What artery comes off of the Aorta and runs along the surface of the left atrium where it splits into the left anterior descending artery and the left circumflex artery? | left main artery |
| What artery comes off of the Aorta and goes around the heart in the opposite direction of the circumflex artery, going across the right ventricle and underneath the heart to feed the inferior muscle of the left ventricle? | Right coronary artery (RCA) |
| What are the branches of the RCA? | right descending artery, right acute marginal artery, posterior lateral branch |
| This reflex causes vasodilatation secondary to inhibition of the vasomotor centers within the medulla as well as a decrease in HR and strength of contractility secondary to vagal stimulation. | baroreceptor reflex |
| The baroreceptor reflex is activated when pressure is above ___mmHg, and peaks at ___mmHg. | 60mmHg, 160mmHg |
| This reflex responds to the need for increased depth and rate of ventilation. | chemoreceptor reflex |
| This node is located in the upper right corner of the right atrium and is the pacemaker of the heart. | SA node |
| What is the normal range for the SA node? | 60-100bpm |
| This node is responsible for delaying the impulses that reach it, allowing the ventricles to complete their filling phase as the atria contract. | AV node |
| AV node normal rate is? | 40-60bpm |
| These resume the rapid conduction of the impulses through the ventricles. | bundle branches |
| What is the network of nervous tissue that extends through the ventricles? | purkenjie fibers |
| What is the normal rate for purkenjie fibers? | 20-40bpm |
Created by:
txst spr 2010
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