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Ch. 8 vocab

Physical Science Ch. 8

QuestionAnswer
work the transfer of energy to an object by using a force that causes the object to move in the direction of the force.
joule the unit used to express enregy; equivalent to the amount of work done by a force of 1 N(newton) acting through a distance of 1 m(meter) in the direcrtion of the force.
power the rate at which work is done or energy is transformed.
watt the unit used to express power; equivalent to joules per second (symbol, W)
machine a device that helps do work by either overcoming a force or changing the direction of the applied force.
work input the work done on a machine; the product of the input force and the distance through which the force is exerted.
work output the work done by a machine; the product of the output force and the distacne through which the force is exerted.
mechanical advantage a number that tells you how many times a machine multiplies force.
mechanical efficiency a quantity, usually expressed as a precentage, that measures the ratio of work outout to work input; it can be calculated by dividing work output by work input.
lever a simple machine that consists of a bar that pivots at a fixed point called a fulcrum.
pulley a simple machine that consists of a wheel over which a rope, chain, or wire passes.
wheel and axle a simple machine consisting of two circular objects of different sizes; the wheel is larger at the two circular objects.
inclined plane a simple machine that is a straight, slanted surface, which facilitates the rising of loads; a ramp
wedge a simple machine that is made up of two inclined planes and that moves; often used for cutting.
screw a simple machine that consists of an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder.
compound machine a machine made of more than one simple machine.
Created by: tbo1996
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