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RADT 465
Patient Care
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Gereontogy/ Geriatrics | -Study of the elderly -Bone demineralization and muscle mass loss -Do not assume they are hard of hearing, clumsy, or not mentally alert |
| Pacemakers | -Treat conduction defects causing bradycardia -Positioned under the skin in the upper chest, and wired are advanced to the right side of the heart, to the apex of the right ventricle -Done in cath lab or OR |
| Ampoule | Small container that holds single dose |
| Vial | Larger container that holds number of doses |
| Bolus | Amount of fluid/material injected |
| Carafe | Narrow mounted container; not likely for medical purpose |
| Cardiopulmonary arrest | -Sudden cessation of productive ventilation and circulation -Compression 100/min -30 compressions and 2 ventilations |
| CAB | -Circulation, airways, breathing |
| Latex products medical equipment | Disposable gloves, tourniquets, BP cuff, stethoscope, IV tubing, oral and nasal airways, enema tips, ET tubes, syringes, electrode pads, catheters, wound drains, and injection ports |
| IV infusion | Quantity of meds dispensed intravenously |
| IV push | Rapid injection |
| Parenteral | Drugs administrated in a way other than by mouth -Intramuscular (90 degrees), subcutaneous (45 degrees), IV (15-25 degrees), or intrathecal |
| Hypodermic | Administration of meds by any route other than oral |
| Fomite | Inanimate object that has been in contact with an infectious microorganism |
| Reservoir | -Site where infectious organism can remain alive and from which transmission can occur. -Inanimate objects and living objects are part of it |
| Host | Can be inanimate object or human |
| Vector | An animal host of an infectious organism that transmit the infection via bite or sting |
| Stages of infection | 1.Latent: infection is introduced and lies dormant 2.Incubation: microbes reproduce 3.Prodromal: person is most infectious, vague and nonspecific signs 4.Full stage of illness: presence of specific signs and symptoms 5.Convalescent: recovery period |
| Facsimile information | -Copy of written/printed material. -Used only to address immediate and urgent patient needs; only with pt. authorization, urgent needs for pt. care, or for third party payer ongoing hospitalization. |
| Sterilization | -Treating it with heat, gas, or chemicals -Most effective method is moist heat |
| Autoclaving | Sterilization using steam under pressure |
| Lifting mechanics | Hold heavy objects close to body Back kept straight Avoid twisting Bend at the knee and use leg and abdominal muscle to lift, not at the back Push or roll, not pull or lift |
| Transmission base precautions | 1. Airborne 2. Droplet 3. Direct or close contact |
| Airborne precaution | Tuberculosis, chicken pox (varicella), or measles -Wear a string mask and gloves -Negative pressure room- private room |
| Droplet precaution | -Rubella (German measles), mumps, and influenzae -String mask if within 3 feet of patient -Private room |
| Direct or close contact | -Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), conjunctivitis, rotavirus -Gloves and gowns |
| Battery | Unlawful laying of hands on a patient; touching a pt. without their permission even if no injury occurs |
| Assault | Threat of touching or laying hands on someone (verbal threat) |
| False imprisonment | When someone is restrained or believes that they are being restrained against their will. E.g.: ignoring pt. despite stating their wished, or restraining devices are used improperly/ used without a physician’s order |
| Defamation | When pt. confidentiality is not respected and as a result pt. suffers embarrassment/ mockery |
| Tort | Intentional/ unintentional act that results in pt. injury |
| Beneficence | “The active doing of good” To do good of best for pt. |
| Malpractice | Any act or omission of care by accident; not doing what you are supposed to while being a non-professional person. Pt. does not have to be injured |
| Negligence | Healthcare professional is aware of the potential consequences before making a mistake |
| Misfeasance | Engaging in an action or duty but failing to perform the duty; unintentional |
| Malfeasance | Willful and intentional act of doing harm |
| Non-malfeasance | Do no harm |
| Invasion of privacy | Breaking any type of confidentiality/ exposing pt. body improperly |
| Slander | Defamation by spoken word |
| Libel | Defamation by written word |
| Res ipsa loquitur | The thing speaks for itself |
| Respondeat superior | Let the master answer |
| BUN (blood, urea, nitrogen) | 7-20 or 6-24 mg/dL |
| GFR Compounds | BUN and creatine |
| Increase in BUN indicates | Decrease renal function |
| Creatine | 0.5-1.2 mg/dL |
| GFR | Needs to be greater than 60 mL/min for contrast. |
| Volvulus | Twisting of the bowel on itself causing obstruction |
| Intussusception | Telescoping of the bowel causing obstruction |
| Meconium ileus | Mechanical obstruction where meconium (first feces of a newborn) becomes hardened and impacted, causing obstruction |
| Paralytic/ adynamic ileus | Obstruction caused by loss of peristaltic movement of the intestine; not mechanical (volvulus and intussusception) |
| Types of bowel obstruction | Mechanical: physical obstruction Functional: No physical block but is not moving food |
| Low osmolarity water soluble non-ionic contrast | -The best; expensive, but less chances for allergies and side effects |
| Mild | Nonallergic reaction; emotionally an anxiety based. E.g.: anxiety, syncope (fainting), nausea, lightheaded, few hives. Needs reassurance and not medical attention |
| Anaphylactic | True allergic reaction: immediate attention is required. Laryngo/bronchospasm, hypotension, moderate to severe urticaria, angioedema, and tachycardia |
| Vasovagal | Life-threatening and requires a declared emergency code. E.g.: bradycardia, hypotension, no detectable pulse |
| Acute renal failure | May not manifest for up to 48 h following contrast injection. Tx: hydration, dispensation of diuretics and possible renal dialysis |
Created by:
Eva Chung
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